Reversibility of pancreatic β-cells dysfunction after vitamin D and calcium supplementation: a pilot study in a population of obese and prepubescent North-African children

• Published in: Libyan journal of medicine Vol. 17; no. 1; p. 2059896
• Main Authors: Gaddas, Meriem, Latiri, Imed, Kebaili, Raoudha, Kacem, Ilhem, Jaballah, Nesrine, Maatoug, Jihene, Salaani, Mohamed, Boughammoura, Lamia, Ben Saad, Helmi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 01.12.2022; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Blood Glucose - metabolism; Body mass index; Calcium; Child; Diabetes; Diabetes-mellitus; Dietary Supplements; Drug dosages; Female; Glucose; Hospitals; Humans; Hypotheses; Insulin; insulin production; Insulin Resistance; Laboratories; Male; Obesity; Original; Paediatrics; Pandemics; Parents & parenting; Pediatrics; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Quasi-experimental methods; Tunisia; Vitamin D; Vitamins; Diabetes-mellitus; Tunisia; Paediatrics; obesity; insulin production
• ISSN: 1993-2820; 1819-6357
• DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2059896

The mechanisms of diabetogenesis in children remain largely obscure. This study aimed to determine the impact of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on pancreatic β-cells function in terms of insulin secretion and sensitivity. This was a quasi-experimental study involving 30 obese and prepubescent Tunisian children (57% boys). During three months, the children received calcium and vitamin D supplementation at therapeutic doses. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at the beginning and at the end of the study. The following metabolic definitions were applied: i) hyperinsulinism: insulinemia sum > 300 μ UI/ml during OGTT, ii) insulin-resistance: homeostatic model assessment of insulin-resistance > 2, iii) normal glycaemic profile: normal plasma levels during OGTT without any spike, and iv) pancreatic β-cells dysfunction reversibility: disappearance of the aforementioned disorders. The means ± standard-deviation of age and body mass index were 10.87 ± 1.9 years, and 30.17 ± 4.99 kg/m 2 , respectively. All children were at the stage of hyperinsulinism associated with insulin-resistance. These disturbances were noted even in children having a normal glycaemic profile at OGTT. After calcium and vitamin D supplementation, glycaemic profile as well as insulin-secretion improved significantly (p < 0.0001). Hyperinsulinism and insulin-resistance decreased significantly by 56.67% (p < 0.0001) and 70.00% (p < 0.0001), respectively. Complete reversibility of these two disorders was noted in 26.6% of children. To conclude, in obese and prepubescent children, vitamin D and calcium supplementation led to the reversibility of the pancreatic β-cells dysfunction.