Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in healthy and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemic newborn calves treated with single and combined therapy

• Published in: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 79; no. 7; pp. 1245 - 1252
• Main Authors: ALTAN, Feray, UNEY, Kamil, ER, Ayse, CETIN, Gul, DIK, Burak, YAZAR, Enver, ELMAS, Muammer
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2017; Japan Science and Technology Agency; The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
• Subjects: Animals; Animals, Newborn - metabolism; Animals, Newborn - microbiology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacokinetics; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; calve; Calves; Case-Control Studies; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - drug therapy; ceftiofur; Cephalosporins - administration & dosage; Cephalosporins - pharmacokinetics; Cephalosporins - therapeutic use; Drug therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination - veterinary; Endotoxemia; Endotoxemia - drug therapy; Endotoxemia - veterinary; High-performance liquid chromatography; Injection; Injections, Intravenous - veterinary; Intravenous administration; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Liquid chromatography; Metabolites; pharmacokinetic; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacology; Sodium; Sodium chloride; ceftiofur; pharmacokinetic; calve; endotoxemia
• ISSN: 0916-7250; 1347-7439
• DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0641

The aim of this research was to compare plasma pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur sodium (CS) in healthy calves, and in calves with experimentally induced endotoxemia. Six calves received CS (2.2 mg/kg, IM) 2 hr after intravenous administration of 0.9% NaCl (Ceft group). After a washout period, the same 6 calves received CS 2 hr after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS+Ceft group). Another group of 6 calves received a combination of drug therapies that included CS 2 hr after administration of 0.9% NaCl (Comb group). A third group of 6 calves received the same combination therapy regimen 2 hr after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS+Comb group). Plasma concentrations of CS and all desfuroylceftiofur-related metabolites were determined using HPLC, and its pharmacokinetic properties were determined based on a two-compartment model. The peak concentration of CS in the LPS+Comb group occurred the earliest, and the clearance rate of CS was the highest in the Comb and LPS+Comb groups (P<0.05). The elimination half-life of CS in the LPS+Ceft group was longer than that in the Ceft and Comb groups (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that combined therapies and endotoxemic status may alter the plasma pharmacokinetics of CS in calves.