Evaluation of Novel Rapid Analytical Methods to Categorize Extra Virgin Olive Oil Based on the Coulometrically Determined Antioxidant Capacity and on the Spectrophotometric Assessment of Phenolic Compounds

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 7; p. 3108
• Main Authors: Siano, Francesco, Picariello, Gianluca, Sammarco, Anna Sofia, Celano, Giuseppe, Caruso, Tonino, Vasca, Ermanno
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.03.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Absorbance; Acids; Analytical methods; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - analysis; Antioxidants - metabolism; Assaying; Chemical properties; Coulometers; coulometrically determined antioxidant capacity; Coulometry; EFSA health claim; Evaluation; extra virgin olive oil; fast blue BB assay; Fatty Acids - analysis; Fatty Acids - chemistry; Health aspects; Health promotion; High performance liquid chromatography; Liquid chromatography; Methods; Olive oil; Olive Oil - chemistry; Olive Oil - metabolism; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Phenols - chemistry; Physiological aspects; Polyphenols; Principal Component Analysis; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors; Italy; EFSA health claim; coulometrically determined antioxidant capacity; phenolic compounds; fast blue BB assay; antioxidants; extra virgin olive oil
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073108

The lack of a practical "fit for the purpose" analytical protocol is the main limitation that has hampered the exploitation of the EFSA analytical health claim on the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) biophenols, more than ten years since its introduction. In this work, two analytical methods recently developed in our laboratories for categorizing EVOO have been evaluated on a set of 16 samples from Cilento (Campania Region, southern Italy) and compared to other commonly used quality indexes. The Coulometrically Determined Antioxidant Capacity (CDAC) is associated with the component responsible for the health-promoting properties and oxidative stability of EVOO. The Fast Blue BB (FBBB) assay consists of the spectrophotometric (420 nm) determination of biophenols-FBBB diazonium coupling products generated in unfractionated EVOO. The FBBB assay and HPLC-UV reference method provide values highly correlated to each other. Fourteen of sixteen EVOO samples with CDAC > 10 mmol kg and FBBB absorbance > 0.5 had HPLC-determined biophenols > 250 mg kg , and therefore eligible for the EFSA health claim. Consistently, two EVOO samples with HPLC-determined biophenols < 250 mg kg had CDAC values and FBBB absorbance below the respective thresholds. CDAC and FBBB assays are proposed individually or in combination as methods to categorize EVOO samples in alternative to HPLC-UV.