3D printed nanocomposite matrix for the study of breast cancer bone metastasis

• Published in: Nanomedicine Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 69 - 79
• Main Authors: Zhu, Wei, Holmes, Benjamin, Glazer, Robert I., Zhang, Lijie Grace
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2016
• Subjects: 3D printing; Batch Cell Culture Techniques - methods; Biomimetic Materials - chemical synthesis; Bone cancer metastasis; Bone Matrix - chemistry; Bone Neoplasms - pathology; Bone Neoplasms - secondary; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - pathology; Cell Line, Tumor; Humans; Internal Medicine; Materials Testing; Nanocomposites - chemistry; Nanocomposites - ultrastructure; Nanomaterial; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Particle Size; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Tumor Microenvironment; Breast cancer; Nanomaterial; 3D printing; Bone cancer metastasis
• ISSN: 1549-9634; 1549-9642; 1549-9642
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.09.010

Bone is one of the most common metastatic sites of breast cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, in part due to an absence of advanced platforms for cancer culture and study that mimic the bone microenvironment. In the present study, we integrated a novel stereolithography-based 3D printer and a unique 3D printed nano-ink consisting of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles suspended in hydrogel to create a biomimetic bone-specific environment for evaluating breast cancer bone invasion. Breast cancer cells cultured in a geometrically optimized matrix exhibited spheroid morphology and migratory characteristics. Co-culture of tumor cells with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells increased the formation of spheroid clusters. The 3D matrix also allowed for higher drug resistance of breast cancer cells than 2D culture. These results validate that our 3D bone matrix can mimic tumor bone microenvironments, suggesting that it can serve as a tool for studying metastasis and assessing drug sensitivity. Cancer remains a major cause of mortality for patients in the clinical setting. For breast cancer, bone is one of the most common metastatic sites. In this intriguing article, the authors developed a bone-like environment using 3D printing technology to investigate the underlying biology of bone metastasis. Their results would also allow a new model for other researchers who work on cancer to use. In this study, we uniquely integrate nanomaterial and 3D bioprinting technique to create a 3D in vitro bone matrix which offers a biomimetic environment for breast cancer bone invasion study. Breast cancer cells reside in 3D printed bone model that exhibit excellent cellular organization, migration and formation of tumor-like structures that more closely resemble natural tumor observation. [Display omitted]