Exploring the functional soil-microbe interface and exoenzymes through soil metaexoproteomics

• Published in: The ISME Journal Vol. 8; no. 10; pp. 2148 - 2150
• Main Authors: Johnson-Rollings, Ashley S, Wright, Helena, Masciandaro, Grazia, Macci, Cristina, Doni, Serena, Calvo-Bado, Leo A, Slade, Susan E, Vallin Plou, Carlos, Wellington, Elizabeth M H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.10.2014; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 45/22; 45/23; 631/337/475; 82/29; 82/58; 82/81; 82/83; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - enzymology; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Chitin; Chitin - metabolism; Chitinases - analysis; Chitinases - metabolism; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Life Sciences; Microbial Ecology; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Nitrogen; Polymers; Proteins; Proteomics; Short Communication; Soil Microbiology; Soils
• ISSN: 1751-7362; 1751-7370
• DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.130

Functionally important proteins at the interface of cell and soil are of potentially low abundance when compared with commonly recovered intracellular proteins. A novel approach was developed and used to extract the metaexoproteome, the subset of proteins found outside the cell, in the context of a soil enriched with the nitrogen-containing recalcitrant polymer chitin. The majority of proteins recovered was of bacterial origin and localized to the outer membrane or extracellular milieu. A wide variety of transporter proteins were identified, particularly those associated with amino-acid and phosphate uptake. The metaexoproteome extract retained chitinolytic activity and we were successful in detecting Nocardiopsis -like chitinases that correlated with the glycoside hydrolase family 18 (GH18) chi gene data and metataxonomic analysis. Nocardiopsis -like chitinases appeared to be solely responsible for chitinolytic activity in soil. This is the first study to detect and sequence bacterial exoenzymes with proven activity in the soil enzyme pool.