Efficacy and safety of tenofovir in preventing mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus: a meta-analysis based on 6 studies from China and 3 studies from other countries

• Published in: BMC gastroenterology Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 121 - 11
• Main Authors: Li, Wenhui, Jia, Li, Zhao, Xin, Wu, Xiaoyuan, Tang, Hongxia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 02.08.2018; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Alanine Transaminase - blood; Analysis; Antigens; Antiretroviral drugs; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - adverse effects; Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use; Babies; Clinical trials; Creatine Kinase - blood; Creatinine - blood; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease prevention; Disease transmission; DNA; DNA, Viral - blood; Dosage and administration; Drug therapy; Eradication; Female; Gastroenterology; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood; Hepatitis B virus - genetics; Hepatitis B, Chronic - transmission; Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology; Humans; Immunization; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control; Infectious diseases; Interferon; Liver cancer; Meta-analysis; Mother-infant relations; Mothers; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - prevention & control; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology; Prevention; Safety and security measures; Studies; Tenofovir; Tenofovir - adverse effects; Tenofovir - therapeutic use; Vertical transmission; Viral Load; Womens health; China; Tenofovir; Vertical transmission; Hepatitis B; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 1471-230X; 1471-230X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0847-2

The vertical transmission of HBV from mothers to their infants at birth or in early infancy has a significant role in the endemicity of HBV infection. Tenofovir is one of the most potent anti-HBV agents with a high genetic barrier to resistance. The study is to evaluate the efficacy of tenofovir in preventing perinatal HBV transmission, as well as monitoring safety for mothers and infants. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI (National Knowledge Infrastructure, China) database were systematically reviewed for studies that compared the efficacy and safety of tenofovir with other treatments. Pooled estimates were expressed with weight mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% CIs. Nine studies involving 1046 pregnant patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with other treatments, tenofovir significantly reduced maternal HBV DNA levels (WMD = 2.33 log IU/mL, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.64; P < 0.001), infant HBsAg positivity rate (RR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.38; P < 0.001), infant HBeAg positivity rate (RR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.48; P < 0.001), infant HBV DNA positivity rate (RR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.31; P < 0.001), and immunoprophylaxis failure rate (RR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.73; P = 0.008). Moreover, maternal and infant safety profiles, including ALT, CK, and Cr were comparable between tenofovir and other treatment groups. Based on the current evidence, our study suggested that tenofovir significantly reduced the rate of vertical transmission of HBV, as well as the HBV DNA levels in HBV-infected mothers. Moreover, tenofovir was safe and tolerable for both mothers and their infants.