Behavior analysis and behavioral neuroscience

[...]the nervous system has evolved to meet the demands of interacting with and adapting to the environment. There is a wealth of evidence of such changes in nonhumans (e.g., Turner and Greenough, 1985; Kolb and Whishaw, 1998; Rioult-Pedotti et al., 2000). [...]research shows that treatments based o...

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Published inFrontiers in human neuroscience Vol. 9; p. 210
Main Author Schlinger, Henry D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 17.04.2015
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Adaptive Behavior
Animal behavior
behavior analysis
Behavioral causation
behavioral neuroscience
Biology
Brain research
Broca's area
Causality
Cognitive ability
Frontal lobe
Mental task performance
Nervous system
Neuroscience
Neurosciences
Operant conditioning
Organisms
Phylogenetics
Physiology
Science
behavioral neuroscience
adaptive behavior
operant conditioning
behavior analysis
behavioral causation
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Summary:[...]the nervous system has evolved to meet the demands of interacting with and adapting to the environment. There is a wealth of evidence of such changes in nonhumans (e.g., Turner and Greenough, 1985; Kolb and Whishaw, 1998; Rioult-Pedotti et al., 2000). [...]research shows that treatments based on operant conditioning can produce distinct changes in the human brain (e.g., Schwartz et al., 1996; Temple et al., 2003). To better investigate how the nervous system mediates adaptive behaviors, neuroscientists need to understand the functions of the behaviors themselves. Because organisms interact with their environment by behaving, then, “only when these organismic-environmental interactions are studied both behaviorally and physiologically, in a broad biological context, will it be possible to develop rational models of” behavioral causation (Engel and Schneiderman, 1984, p. 199). [...]research has shown that the most reliable location of reinforcing electrical brain stimulation is a bundle of axons, called the medial forebrain bundle, that travel from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain to the forebrain (Olds and Forbes, 1981). [...]dopaminergic neurons in the VTA and forebrain are primarily involved in the reinforcement of operant behavior (Hoebel, 1988).
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Edited by: Daniele Ortu, University of North Texas, USA
Reviewed by: Christoffer Eilifsen, Oslo and Akershus University College, Norway; Teresa Camille Kolu, Cusp Emergence, USA
ISSN:1662-5161
1662-5161
DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00210