The pathway to consultation for rheumatoid arthritis: exploring anticipated actions between the onset of symptoms and face-to-face encounter with a healthcare professional

• Published in: BMC musculoskeletal disorders Vol. 18; no. 1; p. 258
• Main Authors: Simons, Gwenda, Lumley, Sophie, Falahee, Marie, Kumar, Kanta, Mallen, Christian D, Stack, Rebecca J, Raza, Karim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 14.06.2017; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis; Angina; Angina pectoris; Arthritis, rheumatoid; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - psychology; Behavior; Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Care and treatment; Decision Making; Delayed diagnosis; Delayed Diagnosis - adverse effects; Diagnosis; Female; Health aspects; Health care; Help-Seeking Behavior; Help-seeking behaviour; Humans; Information Seeking Behavior; Information seeking behaviour; Interviews; Intestine; Male; Medical diagnosis; Medical research; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal diseases; Pain; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Patients; Primary care; Professional-Patient Relations; Qualitative Research; Referral and Consultation; Rheumatoid arthritis; Self Care - adverse effects; Self-management of symptoms; Young Adult; Arthritis, rheumatoid; Information seeking behaviour; Self-management of symptoms; Help-seeking behaviour; Delayed diagnosis
• ISSN: 1471-2474; 1471-2474
• DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1619-9

When people first experience symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) they often delay seeking medical attention resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This research assesses behaviours people might engage in prior to, or instead of, seeking medical attention and compares these with behaviours related to illnesses which are better publicised. Thirty-one qualitative interviews with members of the general public explored intended actions in relation to two hypothetical RA vignettes (with and without joint swelling) and two non-RA vignettes (bowel cancer and angina). The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Analysis focused on intended information gathering and other self-management behaviours in the interval between symptom onset and help-seeking. Participants were more likely to envision self-managing symptoms when confronted with the symptoms of RA compared to the other vignettes. Participants would look for information to share responsibility for decision making and get advice and reassurance. Others saw no need for information seeking, perceived the information available as untrustworthy or, particularly in the case of bowel cancer and angina, would not want to delay seeking medical attention. Participants further anticipated choosing not to self-manage the symptoms; actively monitoring the symptoms (angina/ bowel cancer) or engaging in self-treatment of symptom(s). These results help define targets for interventions to increase appropriate help-seeking behaviour for people experiencing the initial symptoms of RA, such as educational interventions directed at allied healthcare professionals from whom new patients may seek information on self-management techniques, or the development of authoritative and accessible informational resources for the general public.