Novel pathomechanisms in inflammatory neuropathies

• Published in: Journal of neuroinflammation Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 232 - 17
• Main Authors: Schafflick, David, Kieseier, Bernd C., Wiendl, Heinz, Meyer zu Horste, Gerd
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 28.11.2017; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Animal model; Animal models; Antigens; Campylobacter; Chronic illnesses; Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; Development and progression; Disease; Experimental autoimmune neuritis; Genetic aspects; Guillain-Barre syndrome; Guillain-Barré syndrome; Health aspects; Hypotheses; Immunoglobulins; Infections; Inflammation; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nervous system; Peripheral nerve diseases; Peripheral neuropathy; Proteins; Review; Th17 cells; Viral infections; West Nile virus; Whooping cough; Zika virus; Germany; Animal model; Experimental autoimmune neuritis; Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; Guillain-Barré syndrome; Th17 cells
• ISSN: 1742-2094; 1742-2094
• DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1001-8

Inflammatory neuropathies are rare autoimmune-mediated disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. Considerable progress has recently been made in understanding pathomechanisms of these disorders which will be essential for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the future. Here, we summarize our current understanding of antigenic targets and the relevance of new immunological concepts for inflammatory neuropathies. In addition, we provide an overview of available animal models of acute and chronic variants and how new diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance imaging and novel therapeutic candidates will benefit patients with inflammatory neuropathies in the future. This review thus illustrates the gap between pre-clinical and clinical findings and aims to outline future directions of development.