Long-term effects of a community-based intervention: 5-year follow-up of 'Clubs against Drugs'

• Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) Vol. 106; no. 11; pp. 1997 - 2004
• Main Authors: Gripenberg Abdon, Johanna, Wallin, Eva, Andréasson, Sven
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.11.2011; Blackwell
• Subjects: Addictive behaviors; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Advocacy; Amphetamines; Biological and medical sciences; Club drugs; Clubs; Clubs against Drugs; Cocaine; Community; Community care; Community development; Community Participation - methods; community prevention; Community Services; Drug Abuse; Drug addiction; Drug addicts; Drug use; Drug Users - education; Drugs; Effects; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Inservice Training - methods; Intervention; Law Enforcement - methods; licensed premises; Licensure; Logistic Models; Long term; Male; Males; Medical sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Neuropharmacology; Nightclubs; Observation; Organizational Policy; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; policy; Prevention; Prevention and actions; Program Evaluation - methods; pseudopatrons; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease); Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Public Policy; Public relations; Restaurants; Role Playing; Social Control, Informal - methods; Social Environment; Social Programs; Street Drugs - adverse effects; Street Drugs - legislation & jurisprudence; Substance-Related Disorders - prevention & control; Sweden; Training; Treatment Programs; Violence - prevention & control; Young Adult; Stockholm Sweden; Human; licensed premises; Drug addiction; CNS stimulant; Illicit drug; pseudopatrons; training; community prevention; Clubs against Drugs; Premises; Long term; Prevention; Health policy; Addiction; Follow up study; Community health; Drug of abuse; Club drugs; Community action for health; Community; Public health; policy
• ISSN: 0965-2140; 1360-0443; 1360-0443
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03573.x

ABSTRACT Aims  To evaluate long‐term effects of a multi‐component community‐based club drug prevention programme. Design  A pre‐ (2003) and post‐intervention study (2004 and 2008) design. Setting  High‐risk licensed premises in central Stockholm, Sweden. Participants  The intervention programme, ‘Clubs against Drugs’, included community mobilization, drug‐training for doormen and other staff, policy work, increased enforcement, environmental changes and media advocacy and public relations work. Measurement  The indicator chosen for this study was the frequency of doormen intervention towards obviously drug‐intoxicated guests at licensed premises. Professional male actors (i.e. pseudopatrons) were trained to act impaired by cocaine/amphetamines while trying to enter licensed premises with doormen. An expert panel standardized the scene of drug intoxication. Each attempt was monitored by two male observers. Findings  At the follow‐up study in 2008 the doormen intervened in 65.5% of the attempts (n = 55), a significant improvement compared to 27.0% (n = 48) at the first follow‐up in 2004 and to 7.5% (n = 40) at baseline in 2003. Conclusion  The ‘Clubs against Drugs’ community‐based intervention programme, a systems approach to prevention, appears to increase the frequency and effectiveness of club doormen's interventions regarding obviously drug‐intoxicated guests.