Maternal Cigarette Smoking, Metabolic Enzyme Polymorphism, and Developmental Events in the Early Stages of Extrauterine Life

• Published in: Human biology Vol. 76; no. 2; pp. 289 - 297
• Main Authors: BOTTINI, N., GLORIA-BOTTINI, F., MAGRINI, A., STEFANINI, L., COSMI, E., BERGAMASCHI, A., COSMI, E.V., BOTTINI, E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wayne State University Press 01.04.2004
• Subjects: Biological anthropology; Child development; Cigarette smoking; Developmental biology; Enzyme polymorphism; Enzymes; Female; Fetal growth retardation; Fetus; Genetic polymorphisms; Genetic variation; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Growth retardation; Haptoglobins - analysis; Human biology; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infants; Mothers; Phosphatases; Polymorphism; Polymorphism, Genetic; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein isoforms; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases - genetics; Reproductive system; Risk factors; Signal transduction; Smoking; Tobacco smoking
• ISSN: 0018-7143; 1534-6617; 1534-6617
• DOI: 10.1353/hub.2004.0029

The recent observation that maternal ACPI genotype has an interactive effect with smoking on intrauterine development prompted us to search for a possible interaction effect between smoking and ACPI genotype on haptoglobin (Hp) development in the neonatal period. ACPI is a highly polymorphic protein tyrosine phosphatase involved in signal transduction of several growth factor receptors. The enzyme is composed of two isoforms, F and S. We studied 299 infants born in the Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital of Rome La Sapienza. We found that an interaction between ACPI genotype and smoking has an effect on haptoglobin development: A significant delay of haptoglobin development in infants born to smoking mothers is observed only in infants with the ACPI *B/*B genotype, which shows the highest concentration of the ACPI F isoform. The results indicate that the ACPI genotype modifies the deleterious effects of smoking on development not only during intrauterine life but also during the early stage of extrauterine life.