First molecular identification of Entamoeba moshkovskii in Malaysia

• Published in: Parasitology Vol. 139; no. 12; pp. 1521 - 1525
• Main Authors: ANUAR, TENGKU SHAHRUL, AL-MEKHLAFI, HESHAM M., GHANI, MOHAMED KAMEL ABDUL, AZREEN, SITI NOR, SALLEH, FATMAH MD, GHAZALI, NURAFFINI, BERNADUS, MEKADINA, MOKTAR, NORHAYATI
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.10.2012
• Subjects: Amoeba; Biological and medical sciences; cross-sectional studies; disease incidence; DNA, Protozoan - genetics; Entamoeba - classification; Entamoeba - genetics; Entamoeba - isolation & purification; Entamoeba dispar; Entamoeba histolytica; Entamoeba moshkovskii; Entamoebiasis - epidemiology; Entamoebiasis - parasitology; Epidemiology; feces; Feces - parasitology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; General aspects and techniques. Study of several systematic groups. Models; human diseases; Humans; Invertebrates; Malaysia; Malaysia - epidemiology; pathogenicity; Pathogens; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prevalence; Protozoa; staining; trophozoites; Malaysia; Asia; Orang Asli; single-round PCR; Entamoeba moshkovskii; Malaysia; Polymerase chain reaction; Protozoa; Lobosea; Parasite; Genetic identification
• ISSN: 0031-1820; 1469-8161; 1469-8161
• DOI: 10.1017/S0031182012001485

Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar are microscopically indistinguishable from the pathogenic species Entamoeba histolytica. Although sporadic cases of human infection with E. moshkovskii have been reported, the amoeba is still considered primarily as a free-living amoeba. A cross-sectional study was carried out among Orang Asli communities in 3 different states of Peninsular Malaysia. Fecal samples were examined by formalin-ether sedimentation and trichrome staining techniques and then single-round PCR assay was used to detect E. moshkovskii. Out of 500 fecal samples examined microscopically, 93 (18·6%) samples were positive for E. histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii complex cysts and/or trophozoites. PCR products were detected in 106 fecal samples. E. moshkovskii isolates were detected in 13 (12·3%) fecal samples. Of the 13 E. moshkovskii-positive samples, 5 were of single isolation of E. moshkovskii, 6 were also positive for E. dispar, and only 2 samples were positive for E. dispar and E. histolytica. Moreover, 3 E. moshkovskii-positive samples were collected from symptomatic individuals while the remaining 10 samples were from asymptomatic subjects. This is the first report on the identification of E. moshkovskii in Malaysia. Further studies are needed to confirm the pathogenicity of E. moshkovskii infection and determine the epidemiology among Orang Asli communities in Malaysia.