NoRC-a novel member of mammalian ISWI-containing chromatin remodeling machines

• Published in: The EMBO journal Vol. 20; no. 17; pp. 4892 - 4900
• Main Authors: Strohner, Ralf, Nemeth, Attila, Jansa, Petr, Hofmann-Rohrer, Urs, Santoro, Raffaella, Längst, Gernot, Grummt, Ingrid
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 03.09.2001; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: 3T3 Cells; Acf1; Adenosine Triphosphatases - chemistry; Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics; Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Line; Chromatin - genetics; Chromatin - metabolism; chromatin remodeling; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - chemistry; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - genetics; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism; Cloning, Molecular; DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Humans; Mammals; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; NoRC gene; Open Reading Frames; Promoter Regions, Genetic; rDNA; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism; Recombinant Proteins - metabolism; RNA polymerase I; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; SNF2h; tip5 gene; Transcription Factors - chemistry; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; transcription termination factor TTF-I; Transfection; TTF-I
• ISSN: 0261-4189; 1460-2075; 1460-2075
• DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.17.4892

Transcription by RNA polymerase I on nucleosomal templates requires binding of the transcription termination factor TTF‐I to a cognate site 160 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Binding of TTF‐I is accompanied by changes in the chromatin architecture which suggests that TTF‐I recruits a remodeling activity to the rDNA promoter. We have cloned a cDNA that encodes TIP5 (TTF‐I‐interacting protein 5), a 205 kDa protein that shares a number of important protein domains with WSTF (Williams syndrome transcription factor) and hAcf1/WCRF180, the largest subunits of human chromatin remodeling complexes hCHRAC and WCRF. TIP5 co‐localizes with the basal RNA polymerase I transcription factor UBF in the nucleolus and is associated with SNF2h. The cellular TIP5–SNF2h complex, termed NoRC (nucleolar remodeling complex), induces nucleosome sliding in an ATP‐ and histone H4 tail‐dependent fashion. The results suggest that NoRC is a novel nucleolar chromatin remodeling machine that may serve a role in the regulation of the rDNA locus.