The roles of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in prognosis of COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Journal of research in medical sciences Vol. 27; no. 1; p. 62
• Main Authors: Sadidi, Mohammad, Zare, Ahad, Nasrollahzadehsabet, Mehrdad, Dastan, Farzaneh, Mosadegh Khah, Ali, Jafari Asheyani, Milad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.01.2022; Wolters Kluwer - Medknow; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Coronaviruses; covid-19; dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors; Infection; Medical centers; Original; Prognosis; Sitagliptin; Type 2 diabetes; Iran; COVID-19; dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors; prognosis
• ISSN: 1735-1995; 1735-1995; 1735-7136
• DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_71_22

COVID-19 is responsible for the latest pandemic. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is one of the cellular receptors of interest for coronavirus. The aim of this study was to assess the roles of DPP-4 inhibitors in prognosis of COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. retrospective cohort study was performed in 2020 in military medical centers affiliated to AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran on 220 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted in medical centers with COVID-19 infection. We collected demographic data of patients including age, gender, drug history, usage of DPP-4 inhibitors, clinical presentations at the time of the first visit, and the disease outcome including hospitalization duration and need for respiratory assist. The study population consisted of 133 males (60.5%) and 87 females (39.5%), with a mean age of 66.13 ± 12.3 years. Forty-four patients (20%) consumed DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin and linagliptin). Patients who were treated with DPP-4 inhibitors required less oxygen (O ) therapies compared to other cases (76.7% vs. 88.6%, = 0.04). Patients who were treated with DPP-4 inhibitors had significantly lower hospitalization duration compared to other cases (6.57 ± 2.3 days vs. 8.03 ± 4.4 days, respectively, = 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups of patients regarding survival rates ( = 0.55). Age was a predictive factor for survival (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.23; = 0.004). DPP-4 inhibitors could significantly decrease hospitalization days in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized for COVID-19. However, DPP-4 inhibitor usage showed no statistically significant impact on survival. Age was the important prognostic factor.