Patterns of HIV/SIV Prevention and Control by Passive Antibody Immunization

Neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses are promising immune effectors for control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Protective activity and mechanisms of immunodeficiency virus-specific NAbs have been increasingly scrutinized in animals infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)...

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Published inFrontiers in Microbiology Vol. 7; p. 1739
Main Authors Yamamoto, Hiroyuki, Matano, Tetsuro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 02.11.2016
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
CD8+ T cells
HIV
Microbiology
neutralizing antibodies
passive immunization
QR1-502
SIV
SIV
neutralizing antibodies
CD8+ T cells
passive immunization
HIV
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Summary:Neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses are promising immune effectors for control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Protective activity and mechanisms of immunodeficiency virus-specific NAbs have been increasingly scrutinized in animals infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) and related viruses. Studies on such models have unraveled a previously underscored protective potential against immunodeficiency virus replication. Pre-challenge NAb titers feasibly provide sterile protection from SIV/SHIV infection by purging the earliest onset of viral replication and likely modulate innate immune cell responses. Sufficient sub-sterile NAb titers after established infection also confer dose-dependent reduction of viremia, and in certain earlier time frames augment adaptive immune cell responses and even provide rebound-free viral control. Here, we provide an overview of the obtained patterns of SIV/SHIV protection and viral control by various types of NAb passive immunizations and discuss how these notions may be extrapolated to NAb-based clinical control of HIV infection.
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This article was submitted to Virology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
Reviewed by: Takamasa Ueno, Kumamoto University, Japan; Bernard A. P. Lafont, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, USA; Takeo Kuwata, Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan
Edited by: Akio Adachi, Tokushima University, Japan
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01739