Lying Awake at Night: Cardiac Autonomic Activity in Relation to Sleep Onset and Maintenance
Insomnia, i.e., difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep, is one of the most common sleep disorders. To study underlying mechanisms for insomnia, we studied autonomic activity changes around sleep onset in participants without clinical insomnia but with varying problems with initiating or ma...
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Published in | Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 13; p. 1405 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Research Foundation
15.01.2020
Frontiers Media S.A |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Insomnia, i.e., difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep, is one of the most common sleep disorders. To study underlying mechanisms for insomnia, we studied autonomic activity changes around sleep onset in participants without clinical insomnia but with varying problems with initiating or maintaining sleep quantified as increased sleep onset latency (SOL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO), respectively. Polysomnography and electrocardiography were simultaneously recorded in 176 participants during a single night. Cardiac autonomic activity was assessed using frequency domain analysis of RR intervals and results show that the normalized spectral power in the low frequency band (
) after sleep onset was significantly higher in participants with long SOL compared to participants with short SOL. Furthermore, the normalized spectral power in the high frequency band (
) was significantly lower in participants with long SOL as compared to participants with short SOL over 3 time periods (first 10 min in bed intending to sleep, 10 min before, and 10 min after sleep onset). These results suggest that participants with long SOL are more aroused in all three examined time periods when compared to participants with short SOL, especially for young adults (20-40 years). As there is no clear consensus on the cutoff for an increased WASO, we used a data-driven approach to explore different cutoffs to define short WASO and long WASO groups.
,
, and
/
differed between the long and the short WASO groups. A higher
and
/
and a lower
was observed in participants with long WASO for most cutoffs. The highest effect size was found using the cutoff of 66 min. Our findings suggest that autonomic cardiac activity has predictive value with respect to sleep characteristics pertaining to sleep onset and maintenance. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Autonomic Neuroscience, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience Edited by: Bernhard Schaller, University of Zurich, Switzerland Reviewed by: Yishul Wei, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (KNAW), Netherlands; Matteo Cerri, University of Bologna, Italy |
ISSN: | 1662-4548 1662-453X 1662-453X |
DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2019.01405 |