Role of the Hippo signaling pathway in safflower yellow pigment treatment of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis

• Published in: Journal of international medical research Vol. 48; no. 9; p. 300060520905425
• Main Authors: Li, Hai, Kan, Baotian, Song, Lingli, Liu, Yufa, Jian, Xiangdong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.09.2020; Sage Publications Ltd; SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Animals; Chalcone - analogs & derivatives; Growth factors; Male; Paraquat - toxicity; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases; Pulmonary fibrosis; Pulmonary Fibrosis - chemically induced; Pulmonary Fibrosis - drug therapy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Research Report; Signal Transduction; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - genetics; connective tissue growth factor; Smad3; safflower yellow; Hippo; pulmonary fibrosis; 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide; survival rate; Paraquat; Yap
• ISSN: 0300-0605; 1473-2300
• DOI: 10.1177/0300060520905425

Objective To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which safflower yellow (SY) mediates therapeutic effects in rats with paraquat intoxication-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Rats received combinations of paraquat, SY, and SB431542, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 receptor antagonist. Survival over 28 days was assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Rat tissue and serum samples were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson’s Trichrome staining, immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and transmission electron microscopy. Results Survival rates were higher in SY and SB431542 groups (treatment and paraquat) than in the exposure group (paraquat alone). In the exposure group, serum TGF-β1 levels increased between days 3 and 14; mammalian STE20-like (MST) levels increased between days 3 and 7; TGF-β1 and Smad3 levels increased between days 3 and 14; and Yap and connective tissue growth factor levels increased between days 3 and 28. TGF-β1 levels were lower in SY and SB431542 groups than in the exposure group. Pathology scores were higher in exposure, SY, and SB431542 groups than in the control group throughout the experiment. Conclusions In rats with paraquat intoxication-induced pulmonary fibrosis, Hippo signaling could be activated by the MST-Yap pathway; SY and SB431542 could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via Hippo signaling.