The Effect of Lamotrigine and Levetiracetam on TMS-Evoked EEG Responses Depends on Stimulation Intensity

The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) has uncovered underlying mechanisms of two anti-epileptic medications: levetiracetam and lamotrigine. Despite their different mechanism of action, both drugs modulated TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a simi...

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Published inFrontiers in neuroscience Vol. 11; p. 585
Main Authors Premoli, Isabella, Costantini, Alyssa, Rivolta, Davide, Biondi, Andrea, Richardson, Mark P
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 20.10.2017
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
AED
Brain research
Convulsions & seizures
Drug dosages
EEG
Electroencephalography
Epilepsy
Etiracetam
Lamotrigine
Magnetic fields
Neuroscience
Neurosciences
pharmaco-TMS-EEG
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
United Kingdom > UK
AED
epilepsy
electroencephalography
pharmaco-TMS-EEG
transcranial magnetic stimulation
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Summary:The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) has uncovered underlying mechanisms of two anti-epileptic medications: levetiracetam and lamotrigine. Despite their different mechanism of action, both drugs modulated TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a similar way. Since both medications increase resting motor threshold (RMT), the current aim was to examine the similarities and differences in post-drug TEPs, depending on whether stimulation intensity was adjusted to take account of post-drug RMT increase. The experiment followed a placebo controlled, double blind, crossover design, involving a single dose of either lamotrigine or levetiracetam. When a drug-induced increase of RMT occurred, post-drug measurements involved two blocks of stimulations, using unadjusted and adjusted stimulation intensity. A cluster based permutation analysis of differences in TEP amplitude between adjusted and unadjusted stimulation intensity showed that lamotrigine induced a stronger modulation of the N45 TEP component compared to levetiracetam. Results highlight the impact of adjusting stimulation intensity.
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Edited by: Carlo Miniussi, University of Trento, Italy
Reviewed by: Elias K. Casula, Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS), Italy; Juha Silvanto, University of Westminster, United Kingdom; Aldo Ragazzoni, University of Florence, Italy
This article was submitted to Perception Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience
ISSN:1662-4548
1662-453X
1662-453X
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2017.00585