Feasibility of tuberculosis treatment monitoring by video directly observed therapy: a binational pilot study

• Published in: The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease Vol. 19; no. 9; pp. 1057 - 1064
• Main Authors: Garfein, R. S., Collins, K., Muñoz, F., Moser, K., Cerecer-Callu, P., Raab, F., Rios, P., Flick, A., Zúñiga, M. L., Cuevas-Mota, J., Liang, K., Rangel, G., Burgos, J. L., Rodwell, T. C., Patrick, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 01.09.2015
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; California; Cell Phone; Cellular Phone; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Directly Observed Therapy - methods; Dot; Drug Resistance; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Medication Adherence; Mexico; Mhealth; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium; Pilot Projects; Telemedicine - methods; Tuberculosis - drug therapy; Us-Mexico Border; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1027-3719; 1815-7920
• DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0923

BACKGROUND: Although directly observed therapy (DOT) is recommended worldwide for monitoring anti-tuberculosis treatment, transportation and personnel requirements limit its use.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of 'video DOT' (VDOT), which allows patients to record and transmit medication ingestion via videos watched remotely by health care providers to document adherence.METHODS: We conducted a single-arm trial among tuberculosis (TB) patients in San Diego, California, USA, (n = 43) and Tijuana, Mexico (n = 9) to represent high- and low-resource settings. Pre-/post-treatment interviews assessed participant characteristics and experiences. Adherence was defined as the proportion of observed doses to expected doses.RESULTS: The mean age was 37 years (range 18-86), 50% were male, and 88% were non-Caucasian. The mean duration of VDOT use was 5.5 months (range 1-11). Adherence was similar in San Diego (93%) and Tijuana (96%). Compared to time on in-person DOT, 92% preferred VDOT, 81% thought VDOT was more confidential, 89% never/rarely had problems recording videos, and 100% would recommend VDOT to others. Seven (13%) participants were returned to in-person DOT and six (12%) additional participants had their phones lost, broken or stolen.CONCLUSIONS: VDOT was feasible and acceptable, with high adherence in both high- and low-resource settings. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness studies are needed.