Periodontitis and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with and without type 1 diabetes: A cross sectional analysis

• Published in: Journal of diabetes and its complications Vol. 37; no. 7; p. 108494
• Main Authors: Bailey, Ryan J., Sarkar, Anujit, Snell-Bergeon, Janet K., Burkhardt, Brant R., Chandrasekaran, Sangeetha, Johnson, Lonnie, Alman, Amy C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2023; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Atherosclerosis; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - complications; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology; Ethnicity; Gum disease; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Inflammation; Laboratories; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Periodontal disease; Periodontal Diseases - complications; Periodontal Diseases - epidemiology; Periodontitis; Pulse Wave Analysis; Regression analysis; Risk Factors; Software; Triglycerides; Type 1 diabetes; Veins & arteries; United States > US; Cardiovascular disease; Periodontal disease; Inflammation; Type 1 diabetes
• ISSN: 1056-8727; 1873-460X; 1873-460X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108494

This cross-sectional analysis explored the relationships between periodontal disease (PD) and subclinical CVD in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes and non-diabetic controls. Data were collected from adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study or enrolled through the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes Adult Clinic. A clinical periodontal exam measured attachment loss and probing depth. Brachial artery distensibility (brachD), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were assessed as measures of subclinical cardiovascular structure and function. 144 participants with T1D and 148 non-diabetics were enrolled. Compared to non-diabetic controls, T1D participants had a higher probing depth (2.6 mm vs. 2.5 mm; p = 0.04), higher attachment loss (2.7 mm vs. 2.4 mm; p < 0.01), lower brachD (mean 5.8 vs. 6.4 mmHg; p < 0.01), a higher cIMT (mean 0.68 vs. 0.64 mm; p < 0.01), and a higher PWV (mean 8.3 vs. 7.8 m/s; p < 0.01). There were no significant associations between PD and CVD metrics. Periodontal and cardiovascular health was worse in participants with T1D compared to non-diabetics. No significant associations between PD measures and CVD were identified. •Periodontal and cardiovascular health are worse in those with type 1 diabetes.•Inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-8 are linked to worse periodontal health.•No associations between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease were observed.