Traditional v. modified dietary patterns and their influence on adolescents' nutritional profile

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 93; no. 6; pp. 943 - 949
• Main Authors: Song, YoonJu, Joung, Hyojee, Engelhardt, Katrin, Yoo, Sun Young, Paik, Hee Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.06.2005
• Subjects: Adolescent; adolescent nutrition; Adolescents; Biological and medical sciences; Body composition; Brassica; Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage; Cholesterol, Dietary - administration & dosage; Chronic illnesses; Cluster Analysis; Diet; Diet - trends; diet recall; Dietary patterns; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; dietary surveys; Disease; Eating behavior; eating habits; Energy Intake - physiology; Fast food; Feeding Behavior; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Food; food beliefs; food groups; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Korea; Male; Malnutrition; nutrient intake; Nutrients; nutrition assessment; Nutrition research; nutritional status; Nutritional Status - physiology; Oryza sativa; Public health; Questionnaires; Rice; Risk factors; Students; Teenagers; traditional foods; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; South Korea; Asia; Korea; United States > US; Cluster analysis; Dietary patterns; Adolescents; Korea; Human; Vertebrata; Korea: Adolescents: Dietary patterns: Cluster analysis; Mammalia; Nutrition; Adolescent
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1079/BJN20051435

Korea has experienced exceptionally rapid economic developments. Even though the country has managed to maintain aspects of its traditional diet, dietary habits are changing, especially among adolescents. This study was carried out to identify prevailing dietary patterns among Korean adolescents and to compare the nutrient intakes and dietary behaviours between the patterns. A 3 d diet record, collected from 671 Korean adolescents aged 12–14 years in Seoul, Korea, was assessed. By cluster analysis, subjects were classified into a modified (69·9 %) and a traditional (30·1 %) dietary pattern group. The modified group consumed more bread, noodles, cookies and pizza/hamburgers compared with the traditional group, which consumed mainly rice and kimchi (fermented cabbage). The modified group had significantly higher intakes of all nutrients. It had a higher total daily energy intake (7719 kJ), a higher daily energy intake from fat (29·8 %) and a higher cholesterol intake (326 mg/d), compared with the traditional group (6686 kJ, 24·8 % and 244 mg/d, respectively). The modified group was more likely to consume fast foods, fried foods and carbonated beverages even though they consumed more fresh fruits and milk, while the traditional group was more likely to have a rice-based diet and not to skip breakfast. These results suggest that monitoring dietary behaviours of adolescents, especially in a society experiencing a nutrition transition, is necessary in order to identify both negative and positive changes in respect of risk factors for nutrition-related chronic diseases as well as for undernutrition.