Immunopotentiator Thymosin Alpha-1 Promotes Neurogenesis and Cognition in the Developing Mouse via a Systemic Th1 Bias
In early life, the immune system plays an essential role in brain development. In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1(Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investiga...
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Published in | Neuroscience bulletin Vol. 33; no. 6; pp. 675 - 684 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Singapore
Springer Singapore
01.12.2017
Springer |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | In early life, the immune system plays an essential role in brain development. In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1(Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism. Compared with the control group, the Ta1 mice displayed better cognitive abilities in early life. The numbers of 5-bromodeoxyuridine(Brd U)+, nestin+,T-box transcription factor 2(Tbr2)+, Brd U+/doublecortin(DCX)+, Brd U+/ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba1)+, and Brd U+/neuronal nuclei(Neu N)+ cells in the hippocampus were increased in the Ta1 group,accompanied by increased interleukin-4(IL-4), interferon-gamma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-1 as well as decreased IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a. Furthermore, the Ta1-group showed a Th1-polarized immune response, and the neurotrophic factors were positively associated with the Th1/Th2 ratio. More importantly, administration of Ta1 blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis in early life. These findings suggest that peripheral Ta1 contributes to neurogenesis and cognition probably through a systemic Th1 bias, as well as neuroprotection against LPS infection by Ta1. |
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Bibliography: | Ge Wang;Fen He;Yunlong Xu;Yuwei Zhang;Xiao Wang;Chunhua Zhou;Yihong Huang;Juntao Zou;Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University;Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University;South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine;Department of Anatomy, Wannan Medical College;Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University 31-1975/R ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1673-7067 1995-8218 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s12264-017-0162-x |