Systematic review and meta-analysis of the susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection

• Published in: Transfusion and apheresis science Vol. 60; no. 4; p. 103169
• Main Authors: Kabrah, Saeed M., Kabrah, Ahmed M., Flemban, Arwa F., Abuzerr, Samer
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2021
• Subjects: ABO blood group system; COVID-19; Hematology, Oncology, and Palliative Medicine; Infection; Review; Susceptibility; Systematic review and meta-analysis; COVID-19; Infection; ABO blood group system; Susceptibility; Systematic review and meta-analysis; Systematic review and Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 1473-0502; 1878-1683; 1473-0502
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103169

•ABO blood groups and the occurrence of COVID-19 infection.•Systematic review and meta-analysis of ABO blood groups and COVID-19 infection.•The COVID-19 infection rate is higher in persons with blood group A > O > B > AB. Numerous studies investigate the association between the ABO blood groups and the occurrence of COVID-19 infection; discordant findings were reported. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the existing evidence on the susceptibility of the ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection. Systematically searched published articles in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE between 1 st January 2020 and 21 st March 2021. After quality control and the exclusion of irrelevant studies, 16 studies were included in the final analysis. Although the random-effect meta-analysis revealed a large heterogeneity among studies, I 2 = 99.197 %. The pooled event rates and (95 % CIs) for A, O, B, and AB blood group were 0.459 (95 %CI: 0.358–0.441), 0.342 (95 %CI: 0.298–0.374), 0.180 (95 %CI: 0.150–0.214), and 0.076 (95 %CI: 0.055–0.127), respectively. These results indicated that the COVID-19 infection rate was higher in persons with blood group A > O > B > AB. Overall, the ABO blood group's vulnerability to COVID-19 infection was statistically significant (pooled p -value<0.001). This meta-analysis offers a further indication of blood group A individuals' vulnerability to COVID-19 infection, and blood type AB are linked to a lower risk of COVID-19 infection.