Extrachromosomal circular DNA: Current status and future prospects

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a double-stranded DNA molecule found in various organisms, including humans. In the past few decades, the research on eccDNA has mainly focused on cancers and their associated diseases. Advancements in modern omics technologies have reinvigorated research on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published ineLife Vol. 11
Main Authors Zhao, Yiheng, Yu, Linchan, Zhang, Shuchen, Su, Xiangyu, Zhou, Xiang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cambridge eLife Science Publications, Ltd 18.10.2022
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Subjects
Biomarkers
biomedical research
Biosynthesis
Brain cancer
Breast cancer
Chromosomes
Circular DNA
CRISPR
Cyclin-dependent kinases
DNA damage
eccDNA
Gene amplification
Genomes
Growth factors
human diseases
Immune system
Kinases
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine, Experimental
Musculoskeletal system
Phenotypes
Prostate cancer
Radiation
Review
RNA polymerase
Tumors
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Summary:Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a double-stranded DNA molecule found in various organisms, including humans. In the past few decades, the research on eccDNA has mainly focused on cancers and their associated diseases. Advancements in modern omics technologies have reinvigorated research on eccDNA and shed light on the role of these molecules in a range of diseases and normal cell phenotypes. In this review, we first summarize the formation of eccDNA and its modes of action in eukaryotic cells. We then outline eccDNA as a disease biomarker and reveal its regulatory mechanism. We finally discuss the future prospects of eccDNA, including basic research and clinical application. Thus, with the deepening of understanding and exploration of eccDNAs, they hold great promise in future biomedical research and clinical translational application.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.81412