The Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand and Receptor Families

• Published in: The New England journal of medicine Vol. 334; no. 26; pp. 1717 - 1725
• Main Authors: Bazzoni, Flavia, Beutler, Bruce
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 27.06.1996
• Subjects: Analysis of the immune response. Humoral and cellular immunity; Biological and medical sciences; Fas Ligand Protein; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Immunobiology; Lymphokines, interleukins ( function, expression); Lymphotoxin-alpha - physiology; Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology; Molecular Structure; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor - physiology; Regulatory factors and their cellular receptors; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - physiology; Human; Tumor necrosis factor; Ligand; Animal; Cytokine; Review; Molecular biology; Biological receptor
• ISSN: 0028-4793; 1533-4406
• DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199606273342607

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin-α were isolated more than 10 years ago, on the basis of their ability to kill tumor cells in vitro and to cause hemorrhagic necrosis of transplantable tumors in mice. 1 The complementary DNAs and genes encoding each protein were cloned immediately thereafter. 2 , 3 Concurrently, a factor known as cachectin was isolated from mouse macrophages, sequenced, and shown to be identical to TNF. 4 , 5 Cachectin was identified not as a cytolysin, but as a catabolic hormone that suppressed the expression of lipoprotein lipase and other anabolic enzymes in fat. 6 – 8 Still other studies demonstrated the powerful . . .