Lower Glucose Effectiveness Is Associated with Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Obese/Overweight Men, Independently of Insulin Secretion

• Published in: Metabolites Vol. 12; no. 11; p. 1022
• Main Authors: Kishimoto, Ichiro, Ohashi, Akio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.10.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Biochemical markers; Body weight; Care and treatment; Complications and side effects; Diabetes; Diagnosis; Glucose; glucose effectiveness; Glucose metabolism; Glucose monitoring; Glucose tolerance; Health aspects; Hyperglycemia; Hypotheses; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin secretion; Maximum likelihood method; Middle age; noodle ingestion; Obesity; Overweight; Plasma; postprandial hyperglycemia; Regression analysis; Secretion; Walking; Japan; postprandial hyperglycemia; glucose effectiveness; walking; obesity; noodle ingestion
• ISSN: 2218-1989; 2218-1989
• DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111022

The role of glucose effectiveness on postprandial hyperglycemia in daily life is not fully studied. Here, we examined the association between SgIo, an index of glucose effectiveness calculated from a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, and the indices of hyperglycemia in obese/overweight men. SgIo was significantly associated with 1,5-anhydroglycitol, a biochemical marker for postprandial hyperglycemia. The receiver operating characteristic analyses of SgIo and oral disposition index for detecting the subjects with 1,5-anhydroglycitol < 14 μg/mL revealed that the areas under the curves were 0.77 and 0.76, while the cutoff points (sensitivity, selectivity) were 2.53 (0.9, 0.7) and 2.06 (0.36, 0.79), respectively. Both the SgIo < 2.53 category and the disposition index < 2.06 category were significantly associated with the percentages of meals with postprandial glucose levels ≥ 200 mg/dL, and the percentages of time when continuous glucose monitoring sensor readings were ≥200 mg/dL. After adjustment with disposition index, 45.5% of the subjects with the SgIo < 2.53 category had their 1,5-anhydroglycitol < 14 μg/mL, while, in the SgIo ≥ 2.53 category, 3.6% of the subjects had the hyperglycemia (p < 0.001). In addition, there were tendencies toward higher and lower SgIo quartile categories in subjects with walking (≥8000 steps) ≥60% of days and with noodle ingestion ≥20% of meals, respectively (p for trend, 0.008 and 0.038). In conclusion, lower glucose effectiveness is associated with postprandial hyperglycemia in the daily life of obese/overweight men, independently of insulin secretion. Lifestyles such as habits of walking and noodle ingestion are significantly associated with higher and lower glucose effectiveness, respectively.