Tolerance of adzuki bean to preplant-incorporated, pre-emergence, and post-emergence herbicides in Ontario, Canada

• Published in: Weed biology and management Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 40 - 47
• Main Authors: STEWART, CHRISTIE L, NURSE, ROBERT E, GILLARD, CHRIS, SIKKEMA, PETER H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne, Australia Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Publishing Asia 01.03.2010; Blackwell Publishing Asia
• Subjects: adverse effects; adzuki bean; application rate; application timing; Atrazine; Beans; Bentazon; crop injury; crop yield; Crops; dry matter accumulation; height; herbicide resistance; Herbicides; Injuries; metribuzin; nontarget organisms; Pendimethalin; phytotoxicity; post-emergence; postemergent weed control; pre-emergence; preemergent weed control; preplant-incorporated; Vigna angularis var. angularis; weed control; Weeds; Ontario
• ISSN: 1444-6162; 1445-6664
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2010.00365.x

Weed management options for adzuki-bean growers in Ontario, Canada are limited due to few herbicide registrations. Four field trials were conducted at three locations in south-western Ontario in 2007 and 2008 to determine the tolerance of adzuki bean to several preplant-incorporated (PPI), pre-emergence (PRE), and post-emergence (POST) herbicides. All the herbicides were applied at the doses registered for use in soybean. The application of pendimethalin, cloransulam-methyl, and halosulfuron-methyl (PPI), flumetsulam, cloransulam-methyl, and halosulfuron-methyl (PRE), and acifluorfen and fomesafen (POST) caused [less-than or equal to]15% crop injury; however, the injury was transient and did not reduce the adzuki bean yield. The POST application of cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused [less-than or equal to]23% crop injury and reduced the biomass by [less-than or equal to]50%, but did not reduce the plant height or crop yield. Metribuzin, flumetsulam, atrazine, and pyroxasulfone (PPI), metribuzin, linuron, pyroxasulfone, and atrazine (PRE), and bentazon, imazethapyr plus bentazon, halosulfuron-methyl, and thifensulfuron-methyl (POST) caused [less-than or equal to]61% crop injury. These treatments reduced the biomass, plant height, and crop yield. Based on these results, pendimethalin, cloransulam-methyl, and halosulfuron-methyl applied PPI, flumetsulam, cloransulam-methyl, and halosulfuron-methyl applied PRE, and acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST might be potential weed management options for weed management in adzuki bean. Cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST will need further evaluation due to phytotoxicity concerns. Metribuzin, flumetsulam, atrazine, and pyroxasulfone applied PPI, metribuzin, linuron, atrazine, and pyroxasulfone applied PRE, and bentazon, imazethapyr plus bentazon, halosulfuron-methyl, and thifensulfuron-methyl applied POST did not have an adequate margin of safety.