Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Cells Cultured on Alumina Ceramics

• Published in: Artificial organs Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 72 - 82
• Main Authors: Kitamura, Shigeyuki, Ohgushi, Hajime, Hirose, Motohiro, Funaoka, Hiroyuki, Takakura, Yoshinori, Ito, Hiromoto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK and Malden, USA Blackwell Science Inc 01.01.2004
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Alumina ceramics; Aluminum Oxide; Bone Marrow Cells - cytology; Calcium - analysis; Cell Adhesion; Cell Culture Techniques - methods; Cell Differentiation; Female; Human bone marrow; Humans; Male; Mesenchymal cells; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology; Middle Aged; Osteoblasts - metabolism; Osteocalcin - metabolism; Osteogenesis; Osteogenesis - physiology; Staining and Labeling - methods; Tissue culture; Tissue Engineering - methods
• ISSN: 0160-564X; 1525-1594
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2004.07325.x

:   Alumina ceramics have excellent mechanical and biocompatible properties, but are bioinert and hence have no bone‐bonding properties. We took a tissue‐engineering approach in an attempt to modify the ceramic surface and so provide an osteogenic/osteoconductive milieu. We obtained human bone marrow mesenchymal cells from four donors and then cultured the cells for two weeks on alumina ceramic in the presence of β‐glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone. The cells showed extensive alkaline phosphatase staining and mineralization, as evidenced by Alizarin Red S staining and calcein uptake. Biochemical analyses revealed high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression and calcium content. This data indicates the appearance of active osteoblasts that are concomitant with bone matrix formation, i.e., in vitro cultured bone. The cultured bone/alumina composites should prevent the aseptic loosening of all‐alumina ceramic joints or the detachment of implanted alumina ceramics, and thus could have clinical significance in orthopedic reconstructive surgery.