Cognitive Functioning and Driving Simulator Performance in Middle-aged and Older Adults With HIV

• Published in: The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. e11 - e26
• Main Authors: Vance, David E., Fazeli, Pariya L., Ball, David A., Slater, Larry Z., Ross, Lesley A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2014; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
• Subjects: Activities of Daily Living - psychology; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; aging; Aging - physiology; Aging - psychology; AIDS/HIV; Automobile Driving; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cognition & reasoning; Cognition - physiology; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive functioning; Cross-Sectional Studies; Driving; Driving habits; Elderly people; Female; Geriatric Assessment; HIV; HIV Infections - psychology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; instrumental activities of daily living; Male; Middle age; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; neuropsychology; Nursing; Older people; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time - physiology; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Viral Load; Visual Acuity - physiology; neuropsychology; driving; instrumental activities of daily living; aging; HIV
• ISSN: 1055-3290; 1552-6917
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2013.12.001

Nearly half of people living with HIV experience cognitive deficits that may impact instrumental activities of daily living. As the number of people aging with HIV increases, concerns mount that disease-related cognitive deficits may be compounded by age-related deficits, which may further compromise everyday functions such as driving. In this cross-sectional pilot study, during a 2.5-hour visit, 26 middle-aged and older adults (40 + years) were administered demographic, health, psychosocial, and driving habits questionnaires; cognitive assessments; and driving simulator tests. Although CD4+ T lymphocyte count and viral load were unrelated to driving performance, older age was related to poorer driving. Furthermore, poorer visual speed of processing performance (i.e., useful field of view) was related to poorer driving performance (e.g., average gross reaction time). Mixed findings were observed between driving performance and cognitive function on self-reported driving habits of participants. Implications for these findings on nursing practice and research are posited.