Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Pharmacology of Streptonigrin: An Old Molecule with Future Prospects for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy

• Published in: Drug design, development and therapy Vol. 17; pp. 1065 - 1078
• Main Authors: Nabihah Nasir, Naurah, Sekar, Mahendran, Ravi, Subban, Wong, Ling Shing, Sisinthy, Sreenivas Patro, Gan, Siew Hua, Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan, Chidambaram, Kumarappan, Mat Rani, Nur Najihah Izzati, Begum, M Yasmin, Ramar, Mohankumar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Chinna Maruthu, Senthil Kumar, Fuloria, Shivkanya, Fuloria, Neeraj Kumar, Lum, Pei Teng, Djearamane, Sinouvassane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2023; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: antibacterial; Antibiotics; anticancer; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Biosynthesis; chemistry; Drug Design; Drug discovery; Pharmacology; Physiological aspects; Review; Streptonigrin; Malaysia; chemistry; antibacterial; anticancer; biosynthesis; pharmacology; streptonigrin
• ISSN: 1177-8881; 1177-8881
• DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S388490

Streptonigrin is an aminoquinone alkaloid isolated from and is gaining attention as a drug molecule owing to its potential antitumor and antibiotic effects. It was previously used as an anticancer drug but has been discontinued because of its toxic effects. However, according to the most recent studies, the toxicity of streptonigrin and its structurally modified derivatives has been reduced while maintaining their potential pharmacological action at lower concentrations. To date, many investigations have been conducted on this molecule and its derivatives to determine the most effective molecule with low toxicity to enable new drug discovery. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review and to discuss the prospects for streptonigrin and its derived compounds, which may boost the molecule as a highly interesting target molecule for new drug design, development and therapy. To complete this review, relevant literature was collected from several scientific databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect. Following a complete screening, the obtained information is summarized in the present review to provide a good reference and accelerate the development and utilization of streptonigrin and its derivatives as pharmaceuticals.