Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer

• Published in: Journal of clinical imaging science Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 18
• Main Authors: Oppenheimer, Daniel, Weinberg, Eric, Hollenberg, Gary, Meyers, Steven
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications 01.01.2016; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Scientific Scholar; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
• Subjects: Antigens; Brachytherapy; Care and treatment; Magnetic resonance imaging; Prostate cancer; Recurrence (Disease); Review; diffusion weighted imaging; dynamic contrast enhanced imaging; Biochemical recurrence; multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance
• ISSN: 2156-7514; 2156-5597; 2156-7514
• DOI: 10.4103/2156-7514.181494

Multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the prostate combines both morphological and functional MR techniques by utilizing small field of view T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, and MR spectroscopy to accurately detect, localize, and stage primary and recurrent prostate cancer. Localizing the site of recurrence in patients with rising prostate-specific antigen following treatment affects decision making regarding treatment and can be accomplished with multiparametric prostate MR. Several different treatment options are available for prostate cancer including radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, androgen deprivation therapy, or a number of focal therapy techniques. The findings of recurrent prostate cancer can be different depending on the treatment the patient has received, and the radiologist must be able to recognize the variety of imaging findings seen with this common disease. This review article will detail the findings of recurrent prostate cancer on multiparametric MR and describe common posttreatment changes which may create challenges to accurate interpretation.