Suprachiasmatic neuron numbers and rest-activity circadian rhythms in older humans

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day–night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to you...

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Published in	Annals of neurology Vol. 78; no. 2; pp. 317 - 322
Main Authors	Wang, Joshua L., Lim, Andrew S., Chiang, Wei-Yin, Hsieh, Wan-Hsin, Lo, Men-Tzung, Schneider, Julie A., Buchman, Aron S., Bennett, David A., Hu, Kun, Saper, Clifford B.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.08.2015 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects	Actigraphy Aged Aged, 80 and over Alzheimer Disease - metabolism Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology Biological clocks Case-Control Studies Cell Count Circadian rhythm Circadian Rhythm - physiology Female Humans Male Middle Aged Motor Activity - physiology Neurons - cytology Neurons - metabolism Neurons - physiology Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - cytology Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - metabolism Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - physiopathology Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide - metabolism
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Abstract	The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day–night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age‐matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide–expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging‐ and AD‐related circadian disturbances. Ann Neurol 2015;78:317–322
AbstractList	The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day–night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age‐matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide–expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging‐ and AD‐related circadian disturbances. Ann Neurol 2015;78:317–322 The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day-night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age-matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging- and AD-related circadian disturbances. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day-night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age-matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging- and AD-related circadian disturbances.The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day-night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age-matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging- and AD-related circadian disturbances. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day-night cycle. Older humans, particularly those with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), often have difficulty maintaining normal circadian rhythms compared to younger adults, but the basis of this change is unknown. We report that the circadian rhythm amplitude of motor activity in both AD subjects and age-matched controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons. AD was additionally associated with delayed circadian phase compared to cognitively healthy subjects, suggesting distinct pathologies and strategies for treating aging- and AD-related circadian disturbances.
Author	Schneider, Julie A. Hu, Kun Chiang, Wei-Yin Buchman, Aron S. Bennett, David A. Saper, Clifford B. Hsieh, Wan-Hsin Lo, Men-Tzung Lim, Andrew S. Wang, Joshua L.
AuthorAffiliation	1 Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States 4 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada 5 Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, United States 3 Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Road, Chungli 32001, Taiwan 2 Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 5 Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, United States – name: 4 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada – name: 2 Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States – name: 1 Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States – name: 3 Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Road, Chungli 32001, Taiwan
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Joshua L. surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Joshua L. organization: Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston – sequence: 2 givenname: Andrew S. surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Andrew S. organization: Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA – sequence: 3 givenname: Wei-Yin surname: Chiang fullname: Chiang, Wei-Yin organization: Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA – sequence: 4 givenname: Wan-Hsin surname: Hsieh fullname: Hsieh, Wan-Hsin organization: Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA – sequence: 5 givenname: Men-Tzung surname: Lo fullname: Lo, Men-Tzung organization: Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA – sequence: 6 givenname: Julie A. surname: Schneider fullname: Schneider, Julie A. organization: Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, IL, Chicago – sequence: 7 givenname: Aron S. surname: Buchman fullname: Buchman, Aron S. organization: Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, IL, Chicago – sequence: 8 givenname: David A. surname: Bennett fullname: Bennett, David A. organization: Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, IL, Chicago – sequence: 9 givenname: Kun surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Kun organization: Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA – sequence: 10 givenname: Clifford B. surname: Saper fullname: Saper, Clifford B. email: csaper@bidmc.harvard.edu organization: Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25921596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the human brain in relation to sex, age and senile dementia. Brain Res 1985;342:37-44. An S, Harang R, Meeker K, et al. A neuropeptide speeds circadian entrainment by reducing intercellular synchrony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013;110:E4355-E4361. Chen CP, Eastwood SL, Hope T, et al. Immunocytochemical study of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in patients with Alzheimer's disease prospectively assessed for behavioural changes. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2000;26:347-355. Lim ASP, Ellison BA, Wang JL, et al. Sleep is related to neuron numbers in the ventrolateral preoptic/intermediate nucleus in older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease. 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References_xml	– reference: Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Buchman AS, et al. Overview and findings from the rush Memory and Aging Project. Curr Alzheimer Res 2012;9:646-663. – reference: Liu RY, Zhou JN, Hoogendijk WJ, et al. Decreased vasopressin gene expression in the biological clock of Alzheimer disease patients with and without depression. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2000;59:314-322. – reference: Yamaguchi Y, Suzuki T, Mizoro Y, et al. Mice genetically deficient in vasopressin V1a and V1b receptors are resistant to jet lag. Science 2013;342:85-90. – reference: Chou TC, Scammell TE, Gooley JJ, et al. Critical role of dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus in a wide range of behavioral circadian rhythms. J Neurosci 2003;23:10691-10702. – reference: Harper DG, Stopa EG, Kuo-Leblanc V, et al. Dorsomedial SCN neuronal subpopulations subserve different functions in human dementia. Brain 2008;131(pt 6):1609-1617. – reference: Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Arvanitakis Z, et al. Neuropathology of older persons without cognitive impairment from two community-based studies. Neurology 2006;66:1837-1844. – reference: Lovell BB, Ancoli-Israel S, Gevirtz R. Effect of bright light treatment on agitated behavior in institutionalized elderly subjects. Psychiatry Res 1995;57:7-12. – reference: Kondratova AA, Kondratov RV. The circadian clock and pathology of the ageing brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012;13:325-335. – reference: Lim ASP, Ellison BA, Wang JL, et al. Sleep is related to neuron numbers in the ventrolateral preoptic/intermediate nucleus in older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2014;137(pt 10):2847-2861. – reference: Huang NE, Shen Z, Long SR, Wu MLC, Shih HH, Zheng QN, Yen NC, Tung CC, Liu HH. The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time analysis. Proc Roy Soc London, Series A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 1998;454:903-995. – reference: Harper DG, Volicer L, Stopa EG, et al. Disturbance of endogenous circadian rhythm in aging and Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:359-368. – reference: Hatfield CF, Herbert J, van Someren EJW, et al. Disrupted daily activity/rest cycles in relation to daily cortisol rhythms of home-dwelling patients with early Alzheimer's dementia. Brain 2004;127(pt 5):1061-1074. – reference: Abrahamson EE, Moore RY. Suprachiasmatic nucleus in the mouse: retinal innervation, intrinsic organization and efferent projections. Brain Res 2001;916:172-191. – reference: Chen CP, Eastwood SL, Hope T, et al. Immunocytochemical study of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in patients with Alzheimer's disease prospectively assessed for behavioural changes. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2000;26:347-355. – reference: An S, Harang R, Meeker K, et al. A neuropeptide speeds circadian entrainment by reducing intercellular synchrony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013;110:E4355-E4361. – reference: Morin LP. 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chi square periodogram: its utility for analysis of circadian rhythms publication-title: J Theor Biol – volume: 26 start-page: 347 year: 2000 end-page: 355 article-title: Immunocytochemical study of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in patients with Alzheimer's disease prospectively assessed for behavioural changes publication-title: Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol – volume: 131 start-page: 1609 issue: pt 6 year: 2008 end-page: 1617 article-title: Dorsomedial SCN neuronal subpopulations subserve different functions in human dementia publication-title: Brain – volume: 137 start-page: 2847 issue: pt 10 year: 2014 end-page: 2861 article-title: Sleep is related to neuron numbers in the ventrolateral preoptic/intermediate nucleus in older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease publication-title: Brain – volume: 4 start-page: 204 year: 1991 end-page: 210 article-title: Sleep problems and institutionalization of the elderly publication-title: J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol – volume: 13 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Snippet	The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day–night... The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, the master mammalian circadian pacemaker, synchronizes endogenous rhythms with the external day-night...
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SubjectTerms	Actigraphy Aged Aged, 80 and over Alzheimer Disease - metabolism Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology Biological clocks Case-Control Studies Cell Count Circadian rhythm Circadian Rhythm - physiology Female Humans Male Middle Aged Motor Activity - physiology Neurons - cytology Neurons - metabolism Neurons - physiology Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - cytology Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - metabolism Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - physiopathology Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide - metabolism
Title	Suprachiasmatic neuron numbers and rest-activity circadian rhythms in older humans
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