Metabolic fate of polyphenols in the human superorganism

Dietary polyphenols are components of many foods such as tea, fruit and vegetables and are associated with several beneficial health effects although, so far, largely based on epidemiological studies. The intact forms of complex dietary polyphenols have limited bioavailability, with low circulating...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 108; no. Supplement 1; pp. 4531 - 4538
Main Authors van Duynhoven, John, Vaughan, Elaine E., Jacobs, Doris M., Kemperman, Robèr A., van Velzen, Ewoud J. J., Gross, Gabriele, Roger, Laure C., Possemiers, Sam, Smilde, Age K., Doré, Joël, Westerhuis, Johan A., Van de Wiele, Tom, Gordon, Jeffrey I.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 15.03.2011
National Acad Sciences
SeriesColloquium Paper
Subjects
Agricultural sciences
Animals
Bacteria - metabolism
Bioavailability
Bioconversion
Biological Availability
Biological Sciences
Colloquium Papers
Colon - microbiology
Diet
Flavonoids - administration & dosage
Flavonoids - blood
Flavonoids - metabolism
Food
Humans
Life Sciences
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Metagenome - genetics
Mice
Microbiota
Models, Biological
Phenols - administration & dosage
Phenols - blood
Phenols - metabolism
Polyphenols
Signatures
HUMULUS-LUPULUS L
microbiomics
DIETARY POLYPHENOLS
NUTRITION RESEARCH
INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA
GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT
gut microbiota
CONTINUOUS-CULTURE SYSTEM
polyphenol bioconversion
GUT MICROFLORA
metabolomics
metagenomics
RED WINE POLYPHENOLS
8-PRENYLNARINGENIN IN-VITRO
MICROBIAL FERMENTATION PRODUCTS
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Summary:Dietary polyphenols are components of many foods such as tea, fruit and vegetables and are associated with several beneficial health effects although, so far, largely based on epidemiological studies. The intact forms of complex dietary polyphenols have limited bioavailability, with low circulating levels in plasma. A major part of the polyphenols persists in the colon, where the resident microbiota produce metabolites that can undergo further metabolism upon entering systemic circulation. Unraveling the complex metabolic fate of polyphenols in this human superorganism requires joint deployment of in vitro and humanized mouse models and human intervention trials. Within these systems, the variation in diversity and functionality of the colonic microbiota can increasingly be captured by rapidly developing microbiomics and metabolomics technologies. Furthermore, metabolomics is coming to grips with the large biological variation superimposed on relatively subtle effects of dietary interventions. In particular when metabolomics is deployed in conjunction with a longitudinal study design, quantitative nutrikinetic signatures can be obtained. These signatures can be used to define nutritional phenotypes with different kinetic characteristics for the bioconversion capacity for polyphenols. Bottom-up as well as top-down approaches need to be pursued to link gut microbial diversity to functionality in nutritional phenotypes and, ultimately, to bioactivity of polyphenols. This approach will pave the way for personalization of nutrition based on gut microbial functionality of individuals or populations.
Bibliography:Author contributions: J.v.D., E.E.V., E.J.J.v.V., A.K.S., J.D., J.A.W., and T.V.d.W. designed research; D.M.J., R.A.K., E.J.J.v.V., G.G., L.C.R., and S.P. performed research; and J.v.D., E.E.V., D.M.J., R.A.K., E.J.J.v.V., G.G., L.C.R., S.P., J.A.W., and T.V.d.W. wrote the paper.
1J.v.D. and E.E.V. contributed equally to this work.
Edited by Jeffrey I. Gordon, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, and approved June 2, 2010 (received for review February 2, 2010)
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1000098107