Neural activation of swallowing and swallowing-related tasks in healthy young adults: An attempt to separate the components of deglutition

• Published in: Human brain mapping Vol. 30; no. 10; pp. 3209 - 3226
• Main Authors: Malandraki, Georgia A., Sutton, Bradley P., Perlman, Adrienne L., Karampinos, Dimitrios C., Conway, Charles
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.10.2009; Wiley-Liss
• Subjects: Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex - blood supply; Cerebral Cortex - physiology; Cognition. Intelligence; deglutition; Deglutition - physiology; Female; fMRI; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods; Intellectual and cognitive abilities; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; Medical sciences; Movement - physiology; Nervous system; Neural Pathways; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; Oxygen - blood; Pharynx - innervation; Pharynx - physiology; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry; Random Allocation; Reaction Time - physiology; swallowing; Tongue - innervation; Tongue - physiology; Young Adult; Human; fMRI; Nervous system diseases; Radiodiagnosis; Young adult; deglutition; Swallowing; Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; Neurophysiology; neuroimaging
• ISSN: 1065-9471; 1097-0193
• DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20743

Understanding the underlying neural pathways that govern the highly complex neuromuscular action of swallowing is considered crucial in the process of correctly identifying and treating swallowing disorders. The aim of the present investigation was to identify the neural activations of the different components of deglutition in healthy young adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ten right‐handed young healthy individuals were scanned in a 3‐Tesla Siemens Allegra MRI scanner. Participants were visually cued for both a “Swallow” task and for component/control tasks (“Prepare to swallow”, “Tap your tongue”, and “Clear your throat”) in a randomized order (event‐related design). Behavioral interleaved gradient (BIG) methodology was used to address movement‐related artifacts. Areas activated during each of the three component tasks enabled a partial differentiation of the neural localization for various components of the swallow. Areas that were more activated during throat clearing than other components included the posterior insula and small portions of the post‐ and pre‐central gyri bilaterally. Tongue tapping showed higher activation in portions of the primary sensorimotor and premotor cortices and the parietal lobules. Planning did not show any areas that were more activated than in the other component tasks. When swallowing was compared with all other tasks, there was significantly more activation in the cerebellum, thalamus, cingulate gyrus, and all areas of the primary sensorimotor cortex bilaterally. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.