Regulation of Ascorbate-Glutathione Pathway in Mitigating Oxidative Damage in Plants under Abiotic Stress

• Published in: Antioxidants Vol. 8; no. 9; p. 384
• Main Authors: Hasanuzzaman, Mirza, Bhuyan, M H M Borhannuddin, Anee, Taufika Islam, Parvin, Khursheda, Nahar, Kamrun, Mahmud, Jubayer Al, Fujita, Masayuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 09.09.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Abiotic stress; Acids; antioxidant defense; Antioxidants; Ascorbic acid; Biosynthesis; Chloroplasts; Detoxification; Enzymes; free radicals; Glutathione reductase; glyoxalase system; hydrogen peroxide; L-Ascorbate peroxidase; Mitochondria; Oxidative stress; Physiology; plant abiotic stress; Plant protection; Productivity; Reactive oxygen species; redox biology; Review; Signal transduction; stress signaling; Vitamin E; free radicals; redox biology; glyoxalase system; hydrogen peroxide; reactive oxygen species; stress signaling; plant abiotic stress; antioxidant defense
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090384

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a usual phenomenon in a plant both under a normal and stressed condition. However, under unfavorable or adverse conditions, ROS production exceeds the capacity of the antioxidant defense system. Both non-enzymatic and enzymatic components of the antioxidant defense system either detoxify or scavenge ROS and mitigate their deleterious effects. The Ascorbate-Glutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway, also known as Asada-Halliwell pathway comprises of AsA, GSH, and four enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, play a vital role in detoxifying ROS. Apart from ROS detoxification, they also interact with other defense systems in plants and protect the plants from various abiotic stress-induced damages. Several plant studies revealed that the upregulation or overexpression of AsA-GSH pathway enzymes and the enhancement of the AsA and GSH levels conferred plants better tolerance to abiotic stresses by reducing the ROS. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of the research on AsA-GSH pathway in terms of oxidative stress tolerance in plants. We also focus on the defense mechanisms as well as molecular interactions.