Non-Coding RNAs in Preeclampsia-Molecular Mechanisms and Diagnostic Potential

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 22; no. 19; p. 10652
• Main Authors: Munjas, Jelena, Sopić, Miron, Stefanović, Aleksandra, Košir, Rok, Ninić, Ana, Joksić, Ivana, Antonić, Tamara, Spasojević-Kalimanovska, Vesna, Prosenc Zmrzljak, Uršula
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.09.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Biosynthesis; Blood vessels; Cell Differentiation - genetics; Cell Movement - genetics; Cell Proliferation - genetics; Chromosome 19; Chromosomes; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 - genetics; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 - metabolism; Circulating MicroRNA - blood; Circulating MicroRNA - genetics; Embryos; Female; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Humans; Hypertension; Hypoxia; lncRNA; microRNA; MicroRNAs; miRNA; Molecular modelling; Morbidity; Neonates; Non-coding RNA; Pathophysiology; Placenta; Pre-eclampsia; Pre-Eclampsia - blood; Pre-Eclampsia - diagnosis; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy; Proteins; Review; RNA polymerase; RNA, Long Noncoding - blood; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; Stem cells; Transcriptome; Transcriptomes; Trophoblasts; Trophoblasts - metabolism; Veins & arteries; microRNA; lncRNA; preeclampsia; biomarkers
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910652

Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Defects in trophoblast invasion, differentiation of extravillous trophoblasts and spiral artery remodeling are key factors in PE development. Currently there are no predictive biomarkers clinically available for PE. Recent technological advancements empowered transcriptome exploration and led to the discovery of numerous non-coding RNA species of which microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most investigated. They are implicated in the regulation of numerous cellular functions, and as such are being extensively explored as potential biomarkers for various diseases. Altered expression of numerous lncRNAs and miRNAs in placenta has been related to pathophysiological processes that occur in preeclampsia. In the following text we offer summary of the latest knowledge of the molecular mechanism by which lnRNAs and miRNAs (focusing on the chromosome 19 miRNA cluster (C19MC)) contribute to pathophysiology of PE development and their potential utility as biomarkers of PE, with special focus on sample selection and techniques for the quantification of lncRNAs and miRNAs in maternal circulation.