Inflammatory Chemokines in Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a long-term, chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall leading to the formation of occlusive or rupture-prone lesions in large arteries. Complications of atherosclerosis can become severe and lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with lethal consequences. During the last thr...

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Published inCells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 2; p. 226
Main Authors Gencer, Selin, Evans, Bryce R, van der Vorst, Emiel P C, Döring, Yvonne, Weber, Christian
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 25.01.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Apoptosis
Arteries
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Bone marrow
cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell culture
chemokine receptors
Chemokines
Diet
Endothelium
Hyperplasia
Immunomodulation
inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Leukocyte migration
Macrophages
mouse models
Neutrophils
Pathogenesis
Plaques
Review
Rodents
Roles
Transplants & implants
atherosclerosis
mouse models
cardiovascular disease
chemokine receptors
chemokines
inflammation
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Summary:Atherosclerosis is a long-term, chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall leading to the formation of occlusive or rupture-prone lesions in large arteries. Complications of atherosclerosis can become severe and lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with lethal consequences. During the last three decades, chemokines and their receptors earned great attention in the research of atherosclerosis as they play a key role in development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. They orchestrate activation, recruitment, and infiltration of immune cells and subsequent phenotypic changes, e.g., increased uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by macrophages, promoting the development of foam cells, a key feature developing plaques. In addition, chemokines and their receptors maintain homing of adaptive immune cells but also drive pro-atherosclerotic leukocyte responses. Recently, specific targeting, e.g., by applying cell specific knock out models have shed new light on their functions in chronic vascular inflammation. This article reviews recent findings on the role of immunomodulatory chemokines in the development of atherosclerosis and their potential for targeting.
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These authors contributed equally to this manuscript and share first authorship.
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript and share last authorship.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells10020226