The Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in the Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Potential for Future Clinical Application

• Published in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 10; p. 1611
• Main Authors: Takeda, Masashi, Akamatsu, Shusuke, Kita, Yuki, Goto, Takayuki, Kobayashi, Takashi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.05.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; biomarker; Biosynthesis; Cancer; cancer progression; Carcinoma, Renal cell; Cells; Development and progression; Drug resistance; Epithelial cells; Epithelium; extracellular vesicle; Extracellular vesicles; Heat shock proteins; Hypoxia; Immune system; Immunomodulation; Kidney cancer; Lipid bilayers; Lipids; Medical research; Membrane lipids; Metastases; Metastasis; MicroRNAs; Microscopy; Nanoparticles; Proteomics; Renal cell carcinoma; Review; therapeutics; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Vesicles; renal cell carcinoma; therapeutics; cancer progression; biomarker; extracellular vesicle
• ISSN: 2079-4991; 2079-4991
• DOI: 10.3390/nano13101611

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and is thought to originate from renal tubular epithelial cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer vesicles that are secreted into extracellular spaces by nearly all cell types, including cancer cells and non-cancerous cells. EVs are involved in multiple steps of RCC progression, such as local invasion, host immune modulation, drug resistance, and metastasis. Therefore, EVs secreted from RCC are attracting rapidly increasing attention from researchers. In this review, we highlight the mechanism by which RCC-derived EVs lead to disease progression as well as the potential and challenges related to the clinical implications of EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics.