Dysbiosis, malnutrition and enhanced gut-lung axis contribute to age-related respiratory diseases

• Published in: Ageing research reviews Vol. 66; p. 101235
• Main Authors: Saint-Criq, Vinciane, Lugo-Villarino, Geanncarlo, Thomas, Muriel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 01.03.2021; Elsevier Masson
• Subjects: Age-associated lung diseases; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ageing; Bacteriology; Dysbiosis; Food and Nutrition; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Geriatry and gerontology; Gut-lung axis; Human health and pathology; Humans; Infectious diseases; Life Sciences; Lung; Malnutrition - epidemiology; Microbiology and Parasitology; Microbiota; Nutrition; Respiratory infections; Tissues and Organs; Pax; PTEN; MHC; SASP; Tc; COVID-19; NF-κB; OTU; SARS-CoV-2; TNM; Microbiota; PI3K; GM-CSF; UPR; MRSA; mTOR; YLL; ARDS; WHO; YDL; FOXO; IL; T2D; CAF; IGF-1; ER; SCFA; BCR; EV; IIS; TGF; CAP; RSV; AMDC; DKC1; ROS; Respiratory infections; Ig; IAV; NO; TCR; ERS; GATA4; AECII; LPS; SFB; IFN; FFAR; DDR; DALY; SAMR; URT; SAMP; LRTI; miRNA; TLR; SP; GI; Gut-lung axis; NSCLC; Nutrition; Ageing; Treg; IRP2; BAL; ECM; CR; PINK1; Cx43; Blimp; NET; ATP; IPF; Age-associated lung diseases; COPD; DC
• ISSN: 1568-1637; 1872-9649; 1872-9649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101235

•Older people are often malnourished and susceptible to develop lung diseases.•Ageing is associated with dysbiotic microbiota and alteration of the gut-lung axis.•Nutrition is an accessible lever affecting microbiota and ageing of the lung.•Gut and lung microbiota represent key players in the maintenance of healthy lungs.•Gut and lung microbiota are potential targets against ageing-related lung disease. Older people are at an increased risk of developing respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or lung infections. Susceptibility to these diseases is partly due to the intrinsic ageing process, characterized by genomic, cellular and metabolic hallmarks and immunosenescence, and is associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota. Importantly, in the lungs, ageing is also associated with a dysbiosis and loss of resilience of the resident microbiota and alterations of the gut-lung axis. Notably, as malnutrition is often observed in the elderly, nutrition is one of the most accessible modifiable factors affecting both senescence and microbiota. This article reviews the changes affecting the lung and its resident microbiota during ageing, as well as the interconnections between malnutrition, senescence, microbiota, gut-lung axis and respiratory health. As the communication along the gut-lung axis becomes more permissive with ageing, this review also explores the evidence that the gut and lung microbiota are key players in the maintenance of healthy lungs, and as such, are potential targets for nutrition-based preventive strategies against lung disease in elderly populations.