Molecular Profile of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 1; p. 461
• Main Authors: Andraus, Wellington, Tustumi, Francisco, de Meira Junior, José Donizeti, Pinheiro, Rafael Soares Nunes, Waisberg, Daniel Reis, Lopes, Liliana Ducatti, Arantes, Rubens Macedo, Rocha Santos, Vinicius, de Martino, Rodrigo Bronze, Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Luiz Augusto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.12.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Algorithms; Bile Duct Neoplasms - genetics; Bile ducts; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Bioinformatics; Biomarkers; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Cholangiocarcinoma; Cholangiocarcinoma - genetics; Clinical trials; Development and progression; Disease; Fibroblast growth factors; Genetic aspects; Genomes; Health aspects; Humans; Infections; Liver cancer; Liver cirrhosis; liver neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms - genetics; Medical prognosis; Metabolism; Mutation; Oncology, Experimental; Patients; Prognosis; Protein expression; Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Review; Sarcoma; tumor biomarkers; Tumor proteins; liver neoplasms; tumor biomarkers; cholangiocarcinoma
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010461

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively uncommon but highly aggressive primary liver cancer that originates within the liver. The aim of this study is to review the molecular profile of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its implications for prognostication and decision-making. This comprehensive characterization of ICC tumors sheds light on the disease's underlying biology and offers a foundation for more personalized treatment strategies. This is a narrative review of the prognostic and therapeutic role of the molecular profile of ICC. Knowing the molecular profile of tumors helps determine prognosis and support certain target therapies. The molecular panel in ICC helps to select patients for specific therapies, predict treatment responses, and monitor treatment responses. Precision medicine in ICC can promote improvement in prognosis and reduce unnecessary toxicity and might have a significant role in the management of ICC in the following years. The main mutations in ICC are in ( ), ( ), ( ), and ( ). The rate of mutations varies significantly for each population. Targeting and is challenging due to the natural characteristics of these genes. Different stages of clinical studies have shown encouraging results with inhibitors of mutated and target therapy for downstream effectors. ( ) fusions are an important target in patients with ICC. Immune checkpoint blockade can be applied to a small percentage of ICC patients. Molecular profiling in ICC represents a groundbreaking approach to understanding and managing this complex liver cancer. As our comprehension of ICC's molecular intricacies continues to expand, so does the potential for offering patients more precise and effective treatments. The integration of molecular profiling into clinical practice signifies the dawn of a new era in ICC care, emphasizing personalized medicine in the ongoing battle against this malignancy.