Enzymatically degradable, starch-based layer-by-layer films: application to cytocompatible single-cell nanoencapsulation

• Published in: Soft matter Vol. 16; no. 26; pp. 663 - 671
• Main Authors: Moon, Hee Chul, Han, Sol, Borges, João, Pesqueira, Tamagno, Choi, Hyunwoo, Han, Sang Yeong, Cho, Hyeoncheol, Park, Ji Hun, Mano, João F, Choi, Insung S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry 08.07.2020
• Subjects: Alginates; Alginic acid; Amylases; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biomedical materials; Controlled release; Degradation; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Ellipsometry; Fabrication; Microbalances; Multilayers; Quartz crystal microbalance; Quartz crystals; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Starch; Surface properties; α-Amylase
• ISSN: 1744-683X; 1744-6848
• DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00876a

The build-up and degradation of cytocompatible nanofilms in a controlled fashion have great potential in biomedical and nanomedicinal fields, including single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE). Herein, we report the fabrication of biodegradable films of cationic starch (c-ST) and anionic alginate (ALG) by electrostatically driven layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technology and its application to the SCNE. The [c-ST/ALG] multilayer nanofilms, assembled either on individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae or on the 2D flat gold surface, degrade on demand, in a cytocompatible fashion, via treatment with α-amylase. Their degradation profiles are investigated, while systematically changing the α-amylase concentration, by several surface characterization techniques, including quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and ellipsometry. DNA incorporation in the LbL nanofilms and its controlled release, upon exposure of the nanofilms to an aqueous α-amylase solution, are demonstrated. The highly cytocompatible nature of the film-forming and -degrading conditions is assessed in the c-ST/ALG-shell formation and degradation of S. cerevisiae . We envisage that the cytocompatible, enzymatic degradation of c-ST-based nanofilms paves the way for developing advanced biomedical devices with programmed dissolution in vivo . Starch-based layer-by-layer (LbL) nanofilms are formed and enzymatically degraded on individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a highly cytocompatible fashion. Their enzymatic degradation by α-amylase is also exploited for the controlled release of DNA.