Short-term supplementation with a specific combination of dietary polyphenols increases energy expenditure and alters substrate metabolism in overweight subjects

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity Vol. 38; no. 5; pp. 698 - 706
• Main Authors: Most, J, Goossens, G H, Jocken, J W E, Blaak, E E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.05.2014; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/443/319; 692/699/2743/393; 692/700/459/1994; Adult; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Bioenergetics; Biological and medical sciences; Body fat; Body Mass Index; Body size; Body weight; Calorimetry; Catechin - analogs & derivatives; Catechin - therapeutic use; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Double-blind studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Energy; Energy expenditure; Energy metabolism; Energy Metabolism - drug effects; Epidemiology; Fasting; Fatty acids; Female; Flexibility; Glucose; Glycerol; Health aspects; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Humans; Insulin resistance; Internal Medicine; Isoflavones; Lifestyles; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Metabolites; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Musculoskeletal system; Obesity; original-article; Overweight; Overweight - diet therapy; Overweight - metabolism; Overweight persons; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Physiological aspects; Physiological research; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - therapeutic use; Postprandial Period; Public Health; Quotients; Respiratory quotient; Resveratrol; Stilbenes - therapeutic use; Substrates; Toxicology; Treatment Outcome; Womens health; Netherlands; epigallocatechin-gallate; polyphenols; human substrate metabolism; resveratrol; Short term; Energy metabolism; Body weight; Overweight; Polyphenol; Energetic cost; Resveratrol; Supplementation; Nutritional status; Food; Human; Obesity; Nutrition; Nutrition disorder; Metabolic diseases; Corporal biometry; Increase; Antioxidant; Stilbene derivatives; Feeding; Substrate; Diet; Phenols
• ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497; 1476-5497
• DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.231

Background and Objectives: Impaired regulation of lipid oxidation (metabolic inflexibility) is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent evidence has indicated that dietary polyphenols may modulate mitochondrial function, substrate metabolism and energy expenditure in humans. The present study investigated the effects of short-term supplementation of two combinations of polyphenols on energy expenditure (EE) and substrate metabolism in overweight subjects. Subjects and Methods: Eighteen healthy overweight volunteers (9 women, 9 men; age 35±2.5 years; body mass index 28.9±0.4 kg m −2 ) participated in a randomized, double-blind cross-over trial. Combinations of epigallocatechin-gallate (E, 282 mg day −1 )+resveratrol (R, 200 mg day −1 ) and E+R+80 mg day −1 soy isoflavones (S) or placebo capsules (PLA) were supplemented twice daily for a period of 3 days. On day 3, circulating metabolite concentrations, EE and substrate oxidation (using indirect calorimetry) were measured during fasting and postprandial conditions for 6 h (high-fat-mixed meal (2.6 MJ, 61.2 E% fat)). Results: Short-term supplementation of E+R increased resting EE (E+R vs PLA: 5.45±0.24 vs 5.23±0.25 kJ min −1 , P =0.039), whereas both E+R (699±18 kJ 120 min −1 vs 676±20 kJ 120 min −1 , P =0.028) and E+R+S (704±18 kJ 120 min −1 vs 676±20 kJ 120 min −1 , P =0.014) increased 2–4 h-postprandial EE compared with PLA. Metabolic flexibility, calculated as the postprandial increase to the highest respiratory quotient achieved, tended to be improved by E+R compared with PLA and E+R+S only in men (E+R vs PLA: 0.11±0.02 vs 0.06±0.02, P =0.059; E+R+S: 0.03±0.02, P =0.009). E+R+S significantly increased fasting plasma free fatty acid ( P =0.064) and glycerol ( P =0.021) concentrations compared with PLA. Conclusions: We demonstrated for the first time that combined E+R supplementation for 3 days significantly increased fasting and postprandial EE, which was accompanied by improved metabolic flexibility in men but not in women. Addition of soy isoflavones partially reversed these effects possibly due to their higher lipolytic potential. The present findings may imply that long-term supplementation of these dosages of epigallocatechin-gallate combined with resveratrol may improve metabolic health and body weight regulation.