Effects of two different dual-task training protocols on gait, balance, and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: a 24-week randomized controlled trial

Although alternating dual-task (ADT) training is functionally easier for older adults, a large part of the motor and cognitive tasks is simultaneously performed, especially during activities of daily living that require maintaining body balance. To evaluate the effects of mixed dual-task training on...

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Published inPeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 11; p. e15030
Main Authors Trombini-Souza, Francis, de Moura, Vitória Thaysa Gomes, da Silva, Lucas Willian Nunes, Leal, Iara Dos Santos, Nascimento, Cleber Anderson, Silva, Paloma Sthefane Teles, Perracini, Monica Rodrigues, Sacco, Isabel Cn, de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato, Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States PeerJ. Ltd 21.04.2023
PeerJ Inc
Subjects
Activities of Daily Living
Aged
Analysis
Biomechanics
Clinical Trials
Cognition
Cognitive Disorders
Dual task
Exercise Therapy - methods
Gait
Geriatrics
Humans
Independent Living
Postural Balance
Rehabilitation
Cognition
Gait
Postural balance
Dual task
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Summary:Although alternating dual-task (ADT) training is functionally easier for older adults, a large part of the motor and cognitive tasks is simultaneously performed, especially during activities of daily living that require maintaining body balance. To evaluate the effects of mixed dual-task training on mobility, cognitive function, and balance in community-dwelling older adults. Sixty participants were randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio into the experimental group-single motor task (SMT) and simultaneous dual task (SDT) interchangeably in stage 1 (for 12 weeks) and after strictly with SDT in stage 2 (the last 12 weeks)-or into the control group-only SMT and SDT interchangeably in stages 1 and 2. Gait parameters were acquired by two inertial sensors. Physical and cognitive performance were acquired by specific questionnaires. Generalized linear mixed models were used for analyzing interaction and main effects. No between-group difference was observed for gait performance. Both protocols improved mobility (mean change ((MC) = 0.74)), dual-task effect (MC = -13.50), lower limb function (MC = 4.44), static (MC = -0.61), and dynamic balance (MC = -0.23), body sway (MC = 4.80), and cognitive function (MC = 41.69). Both dual-task training protocols improved these outcomes.
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ISSN:2167-8359
2167-8359
DOI:10.7717/peerj.15030