Effect of surfactant additives on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of refrigerant-based nanofluid

• Published in: Experimental thermal and fluid science Vol. 35; no. 6; pp. 960 - 970
• Main Authors: Peng, Hao, Ding, Guoliang, Hu, Haitao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.09.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Boiling; Chemistry; Colloidal state and disperse state; Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties; Correlation; Energy; Energy. Thermal use of fuels; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; Heat transfer; Nanocomposites; Nanofluid; Nanofluids; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructure; Nucleate boiling; Physical and chemical studies. Granulometry. Electrokinetic phenomena; Physics; Pools; Refrigerant; Refrigerants; Refrigerating engineering; Refrigerating engineering. Cryogenics. Food conservation; Surfactant; Surfactants; Thermal properties of condensed matter; Thermal properties of small particles, nanocrystals, nanotubes; Nucleate boiling; Correlation; Surfactant; Nanofluid; Refrigerant; R 113 fluid; Nanoparticle; Experimental study; Test facility; Volume boiling; Copper; Refrigerant fluid; Heat transfer
• ISSN: 0894-1777; 1879-2286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.01.016

Effect of surfactant additives on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of refrigerant-based nanofluid was investigated experimentally. Three types of surfactants including Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and Sorbitan Monooleate (Span-80) were used in the experiments. The refrigerant-based nanofluid was formed from Cu nanoparticles and refrigerant R113. The test surface is horizontal with the average roughness of 1.6 μm. Test conditions include a saturation pressure of 101.3 kPa, heat fluxes from 10 to 80 kW m −2, surfactant concentrations from 0 to 5000 ppm (parts per million by weight), and nanoparticle concentrations from 0 to 1.0 wt.%. The experimental results indicate that the presence of surfactant enhances the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of refrigerant-based nanofluid on most conditions, but deteriorates the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer at high surfactant concentrations. The ratio of nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of refrigerant-based nanofluid with surfactant to that without surfactant (defined as surfactant enhancement ratio, SER) are in the ranges of 1.12–1.67, 0.94–1.39, and 0.85–1.29 for SDS, CTAB and Span-80, respectively, and the values of SER are in the order of SDS > CTAB > Span-80, which is opposite to the order of surfactant density values. The SER increases with the increase of surfactant concentration and then decreases, presenting the maximum values at 2000, 500 and 1000 ppm for SDS, CTAB and Span-80, respectively. At a fixed surfactant concentration, the SER increases with the decrease of nanoparticle concentration. A nucleate pool boiling heat transfer correlation for refrigerant-based nanofluid with surfactant is proposed, and it agrees with 92% of the experimental data within a deviation of ±25%.