Role of lipid mediators and control of lymphocyte responses in type 2 immunopathology

• Published in: Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol. 141; no. 4; pp. 1182 - 1190
• Main Authors: Samuchiwal, Sachin K., Boyce, Joshua A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.2018; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Acids; Adaptive Immunity; Allergic diseases; allergic inflammation; Animals; Arachidonic acid; aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; Asthma; Blood platelets; cysteinyl leukotrienes; Cytokines; Disease; Drugs; eicosanoids; Enzymes; eosinophilic esophagitis; Esophageal diseases; Esophagus; Gastrointestinal diseases; Histamine; Human subjects; Humans; Immune System Diseases - immunology; Immune System Diseases - pathology; Immunosuppressive agents; innate immune cells; innate lymphoid cells; Innate type 2 immunopathology; Leukotrienes - immunology; Lipids; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; prostacyclins; prostaglandins; Prostaglandins - immunology; Smooth muscle; Th2 Cells - immunology; Th2 Cells - pathology; Therapeutic applications; allergic inflammation; 5-LO; TX; aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease; AERD; LT; 5-HETE; innate lymphoid cells; DP; LTC4S; LX; CysLT3R; ILC2; eicosanoids; CysLT1R; innate immune cells; EpC; WT; Innate type 2 immunopathology; AA; mPGES-1; TSLP; IP; asthma; EP; BAL; cysLT; prostacyclins; hPGDS; CysLT2R; eosinophilic esophagitis; PG; cysteinyl leukotrienes; prostaglandins; CRTH2; GPCR; EoE; OVA; DC
• ISSN: 0091-6749; 1097-6825; 1097-6825
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.02.006

Type 2 immunopathology is a cardinal feature of allergic diseases and involves cooperation between adaptive immunity and innate effector responses. Virtually all cell types relevant to this pathology generate leukotriene and/or prostaglandin mediators that derive from arachidonic acid, express receptors for such mediators, or both. Recent studies highlight prominent functions for these mediators in communication between the innate and adaptive immune systems, as well as amplification or suppression of type 2 effector responses. This review focuses on recent advances and insights, and highlights existing and potential therapeutic applications of drugs that target these mediators or their receptors, with a special emphasis on their regulation of the innate and adaptive lymphocytes relevant to type 2 immunopathology.