Bath vaccination of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) against Yersinia ruckeri : Effects of temperature on protection and gene expression

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 26; no. 8; pp. 1050 - 1062
• Main Authors: Raida, M.K, Buchmann, K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 20.02.2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Allergy and Immunology; Animals; Bacterial Vaccines - administration & dosage; Bacterial Vaccines - immunology; Bacteriology; Bath vaccination; Biological and medical sciences; Cytokines - biosynthesis; Cytokines - genetics; Fish Diseases - immunology; Fish Diseases - prevention & control; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene Expression Profiling; Immunity; Immunization, Passive - veterinary; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus mykiss - immunology; Rainbow trout; Receptors, Immunologic - biosynthesis; Receptors, Immunologic - genetics; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Spleen - immunology; Survival Analysis; Teleostei; Temperature; Yersinia - immunology; Yersinia Infections - immunology; Yersinia Infections - prevention & control; Yersinia Infections - veterinary; Yersinia ruckeri; Temperature; Yersinia ruckeri; Immunity; Rainbow trout; Bath vaccination; Vaccination; Bacteria; Gene expression; Enterobacteriaceae
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.029

Summary Protection of rainbow trout fry following bath vaccination with a bacterin of Y. ruckeri O1, the bacterial pathogen causing enteric red mouth disease (ERM), was investigated at 5, 15 and 25 °C. Rainbow trout fry were acclimatised for 8 weeks at the three temperatures before vaccination. They were subsequently challenged with Y. ruckeri 4 and 8 weeks post-vaccination which demonstrated a significant protection of vaccinated fish kept at 15 °C. No protective effect of vaccination in rainbow trout reared at 5 and 25 °C could be recorded. Spleen tissue was sampled from vaccinated and control fish at 0, 8, 24 and 72 h post-vaccination in order to analyse gene transcript profiles using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (q-PCR). Gene expression in fish vaccinated at 15 °C (the protected fish) was up-regulated with regard to the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β, the cell receptors TcR, CD8α, CD4, C5aR and the teleost specific immunoglobulin IgT. Passive immunisation using transfer of plasma from vaccinated fish to naïve fish conferred no protection. This indicates that humoral factors such as Ig and complement are less important in the protection induced by bath vaccination. Expression of cellular factors such as CD8α was significantly increased in the protected trout and this suggests that cellular factors including cytotoxic T-cells could play a role in immunity against Y. ruckeri.