90K/Mac-2 BP Is a New Predictive Biomarker of Response to Infliximab Therapy in IBD Patients

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 24; no. 4; p. 3955
• Main Authors: Pesole, Pasqua Letizia, Liso, Marina, Donghia, Rossella, Guerra, Vito, Lippolis, Antonio, Mastronardi, Mauro, Iacovazzi, Palma Aurelia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.02.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: 90K/Mac-2 BP; Analysis; Antibodies; biological drug; Biological products; Biological Products - therapeutic use; Biomarkers; Biomonitoring; C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Care and treatment; Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy; Crohn Disease - drug therapy; Crohn's disease; Cytokines; Cytokines - therapeutic use; Disease; Drug delivery; Feces; galectin-3 binding protein; Health services; Humans; Immunosuppressive agents; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Infliximab; Infliximab - therapeutic use; Monoclonal antibodies; Patients; Proteins; Remission (Medicine); Serology; Serum levels; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Telemedicine; Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Ulcerative colitis; biological drug; galectin-3 binding protein; biomarkers; infliximab; ulcerative colitis; 90K/Mac-2 BP; inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn’s disease
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043955

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are multifactorial disorders characterized by a chronic inflammatory status with the secretion of cytokines and immune mediators. Biologic drugs targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as infliximab, are broadly used in the treatment of IBD patients, but some patients lose responsiveness after an initial success. The research into new biomarkers is crucial for advancing personalized therapies and monitoring the response to biologics. The aim of this single center, observational study is to analyze the relationship between serum levels of 90K/Mac-2 BP and the response to infliximab, in a cohort of 48 IBD patients (30 CD and 18 UC), enrolled from February 2017 to December 2018. In our IBD cohort, high 90K serum levels were found at baseline in patients who then developed anti-infliximab antibodies at the fifth infusion (22 weeks after the first), becoming non-responders (9.76 ± 4.65 µg/mL compared to 6.53 ± 3.29 µg/mL in responder patients, = 0.005). This difference was significant in the total cohort and in CD, but not significant in UC. We then analyzed the relationship between serum levels of 90K, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Fecal calprotectin. A significant positive correlation was found at baseline between 90K and CRP, the most common serum inflammation marker (R = 0.42, = 0.0032). We concluded that circulating 90K could be considered a new non-invasive biomarker for monitoring the response to infliximab. Furthermore, 90K serum level determination, before the first infliximab infusion, in association with other inflammatory markers such as CRP, could assist in the choice of biologics for the treatment of IBD patients, thereby obviating the need for a drug switch due to loss of response, and so improving clinical practice and patient care.