A precise and high-throughput assay for stem structural characteristics deepens understanding of lodging resistance in sorghum

• Published in: BMC plant biology Vol. 25; no. 1; p. 386
• Main Authors: Li, Jianguo, Zhao, Liyan, Fan, Hongzeng, Zhao, Falin, He, Dandan, Li, Bo, Wang, Jibin, Xie, Guosheng, Hu, Zhen, Fan, Chuchuan, Wang, Lingqiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 27.03.2025; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Botanical research; Crops; High-throughput screening (Biochemical assaying); High-Throughput Screening Assays; Infrared spectra; Inheritance Patterns; Kurtosis; Lodging; Models, Theoretical; Near infrared radiation; Normal distribution; Physiological aspects; Plant breeding; Plant Stems - anatomy & histology; Plant Stems - chemistry; Powders; prediction; Predictions; Quality control; regression analysis; Regression models; Skewness; Sorghum; Sorghum - anatomy & histology; Sorghum - chemistry; Spatial Regression; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Spectrum analysis; Stem lodging resistance; Stem structural characteristics; Stems; Stems (Botany); Structure; Support vector machines; Surveys; Visible/Near-infrared spectroscopy; Wheat; China; India; Sorghum; Visible/Near-infrared spectroscopy; Stem structural characteristics; Stem lodging resistance
• ISSN: 1471-2229; 1471-2229
• DOI: 10.1186/s12870-025-06396-y

Plant stem structural characteristics are crucial factors determining plant lodging resistance, while high throughput methods for rapid surveys of these traits are still lacking in sorghum. Among 103 sorghum accessions, two kinds of stem powders (dry and water-washed) were subject to visible and near-infrared spectra acquisition, and 16 models (combinations) for stem structural characteristics were generated, revealing that the support vector machine regression model has significant positive effects on the prediction of stem structural characteristics while powder type and pretreatment of spectra has minor effects on the prediction of stem structural characteristics. In addition, we found that stem structure characteristics were positively correlated with agronomic traits but negatively correlated with lodging index which is the criterion that negatively accounts for plant lodging resistance. This study for the first time provided a precise and high throughput method for the prediction of sorghum stem structural characteristics based on spectra, which could facilitate the improvement of lodging resistance in crop breeding.