Advances in Analysis of Biodistribution of Exosomes by Molecular Imaging

Exosomes are nano-sized membranous vesicles produced by nearly all types of cells. Since exosome-like vesicles are produced in an evolutionarily conserved manner for information and function transfer from the originating cells to recipient cells, an increasing number of studies have focused on their...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 2; p. 665
Main Authors Yi, Yong Weon, Lee, Jun Ho, Kim, Sang-Yeob, Pack, Chan-Gi, Ha, Dae Hyun, Park, Sang Rae, Youn, Jinkwon, Cho, Byong Seung
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 19.01.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Animals
Anti inflation
Apoptosis
Biodistribution
Chemical compounds
Drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Drug development
Exosomes
Exosomes - metabolism
Good Manufacturing Practice
Humans
labeling
Magnetic resonance imaging
molecular imaging
Molecular Imaging - methods
Pharmacology
Polyethylene glycol
Process controls
Proteins
Quality control
Review
Stem cells
therapeutics
Tissue Distribution
Vesicles
biodistribution
therapeutics
molecular imaging
exosomes
labeling
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Summary:Exosomes are nano-sized membranous vesicles produced by nearly all types of cells. Since exosome-like vesicles are produced in an evolutionarily conserved manner for information and function transfer from the originating cells to recipient cells, an increasing number of studies have focused on their application as therapeutic agents, drug delivery vehicles, and diagnostic targets. Analysis of the in vivo distribution of exosomes is a prerequisite for the development of exosome-based therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles with accurate prediction of therapeutic dose and potential side effects. Various attempts to evaluate the biodistribution of exosomes obtained from different sources have been reported. In this review, we examined the current trends and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used to determine the biodistribution of exosomes by molecular imaging. We also reviewed 29 publications to compare the methods employed to isolate, analyze, and label exosomes as well as to determine the biodistribution of labeled exosomes.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21020665