The Role of Osteopontin as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Sepsis and Septic Shock

• Published in: Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 8; no. 2; p. 174
• Main Authors: Castello, Luigi Mario, Baldrighi, Marco, Molinari, Luca, Salmi, Livia, Cantaluppi, Vincenzo, Vaschetto, Rosanna, Zunino, Greta, Quaglia, Marco, Bellan, Mattia, Gavelli, Francesco, Navalesi, Paolo, Avanzi, Gian Carlo, Chiocchetti, Annalisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.02.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Area Under Curve; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Creatinine; diagnosis; Emergency Department; Emergency medical care; Enrollments; Extracellular matrix; Female; Heart rate; Humans; Infections; Inflammation; Laboratories; Logistic Models; Male; Matrix protein; Mortality; Osteopontin; Osteopontin - blood; Oxygen saturation; Patients; Plasma; Prognosis; Proteins; Regression analysis; risk stratification; ROC Curve; Sepsis; Septic shock; Shock, Septic - blood; Shock, Septic - diagnosis; Shock, Septic - mortality; Statistical analysis; risk stratification; Emergency Department; biomarkers; Osteopontin; diagnosis; prognosis; sepsis
• ISSN: 2073-4409; 2073-4409
• DOI: 10.3390/cells8020174

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host-response to infections. Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein involved in the inflammatory response. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance in sepsis of a single OPN determination in the Emergency Department (ED). We conducted a single-centre prospective observational study in an Italian ED where we enrolled 102 consecutive patients presenting with suspected infection and qSOFA ≥ 2. OPN plasma concentration was found to be an independent predictor of sepsis (OR = 1.020, 95% CI 1.002⁻1.039, = 0.031) and the diagnostic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.878. OPN levels were positively correlated to plasma creatinine (r = 0.401 with = 0.0001), but this relation was not explained by the development of acute kidney injury (AKI), since no difference was found in OPN concentration between AKI and non-AKI patients. The analysis of 30-days mortality showed no significant difference in OPN levels between alive and dead patients ( = 0.482). In conclusion, a single determination of OPN concentration helped to identify patients with sepsis in the ED, but it was not able to predict poor prognosis in our cohort of patients.